<h2>What's the Best Way to Find a Drug Detox Center?</h2>
Quality medical drug detox centers don't use cold turkey methods or rapid detox kits; instead they provide medications
and therapy to manage symptoms of withdrawal. Families can contact their insurance companies to find a provider, or
they can look online for local providers that can help.

[quote]The brain and the body don't always move at the same speed. That's especially true when an addiction is in play.[/quote]

While a person's brain might feel ready and willing to focus on sobriety and healing, that person's body might still be
under the influence of drugs. Until the brain and the body are in synch, recovery will be very difficult to accomplish.

<a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/medical-detox-centers">Medical detox programs</a> are designed to help. People enrolling in these programs provide their bodies with the opportunity to process leftover drugs and return to a sober, successful level of function. That work is done in a safe, secure, and supervised environment.

This article will provide data about what withdrawal feels like, along with specifics about how medical detox can help. This information can help people struggling with addiction, and their families, to get the help needed in order to build a sober future.
<h2>What Drugs Cause Withdrawals?</h2>
<img class="size-full wp-image-36235 alignright" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Drugs-And-Pills.jpg" alt="Drugs And Pills" width="250" height="167" />
<p class="text-dkblue sm-pad-all">In order to understand the necessity of medical detox, it pays to learn a little more about what drugs can do and how people
can feel when those drugs are removed.</p>
These are the drugs that are most commonly associated with difficult and/or painful
withdrawal symptoms:
<ul>
 	<li><em>Opiates</em>: Heroin, morphine, OxyContin, and Vicodin are all drugs in the opiate class. People who attempt to stop taking
these drugs without using a medical detox program can feel flu-like symptoms that can persist for several days. The
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000949.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">U.S. National Library of Medicine</a> says this withdrawal process isn't life-threatening, but it can be very uncomfortable.
It's imperative that those attempting to withdraw from opiates utilize medical detox programs.</li>
 	<li><em>Alcohol</em>: While the effects of alcohol can seem short-lived, people with alcoholism tend to stay in a slightly sedated
state around the clock. That means their brains are consistently influenced by alcohol, and when they try to get sober,
they can feel jittery, shaky, and paranoid. People with an alcoholism habit lasting 10 years or longer are at risk for
delirium tremens, according to the
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000766.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">U.S. National Library of Medicine</a>. This severe form of withdrawal can be life-threatening, so medical detox is essential.</li>
 	<li><em>Benzodiazepines</em>: Drugs like Valium, Halcyon, and Klonopin are sedating, just like alcohol, and they can also lead
to life-threatening complications during withdrawal. People who attempt to quit use too quickly can develop tremors, hallucinations,
and seizures. Again, medical detox is necessary.</li>
 	<li><em>Cocaine</em>: This drug may not cause the serious medical complications seen with alcohol and benzodiazepines, but it's
a hazardous drug to withdraw from, as the effects can last for up to a month. During this time, without medical supervision,
people can feel anxious, irritable, and unable to concentrate, according to the
<a href="http://www.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/drugtreat-pubs-modpsy-toc~drugtreat-pubs-modpsy-3~drugtreat-pubs-modpsy-3-7~drugtreat-pubs-modpsy-3-7-cws" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Australian Government Department of Health</a>. They can feel deep cravings for drugs that put them at risk for relapse.</li>
 	<li><em>Amphetamines</em>: Prescription drugs like Ritalin and illicit drugs like methamphetamine all boost nervous system activity.
When these drugs are removed, people can experience all sorts of unusual brain activity. For example, a study in the journal</li>
 	<li><em><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3071736/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Addiction</a>
</em> reports that people in acute withdrawal from methamphetamine can experience episodes of psychosis for up to one week after
the last hit of drugs. It's unusual brain activity that's responsible for these episodes of strange behavior. With treatment,
these episodes can be kept under control.</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;

<em><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/8K2L0JtBDYQ?rel=0" width="100%" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" data-mce-fragment="1"></iframe></em>

[ssvob]
<h2>Addiction Treatment Process</h2>
[callout]
<ol>
 	<li><a href="/adult-addiction-treatment-programs/signs">Signs of Abuse</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/intervention/">Have an Intervention</a></li>
 	<li>Detox Help</li>
 	<li><a href="/rehab-guide/">Guide to Drug Rehab</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/therapy-treatment/">Your Therapy Options</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/outpatient-treatment/">Find Outpatient Programs</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/addiction-treatment-aftercare/">Seek Recovery Aftercare</a></li>
</ol>
[/callout]
<h2>What Is Drug Detox?</h2>
At a basic level, detox is a perfectly natural process. Drugs enter the body, and the body's systems work to process the
chemicals. Cells in the liver purify the blood. Cells in the digestive system process alcohol. Cells in the kidneys move
waste out of the body altogether. It's an efficient and perfectly natural system that the body uses in order to heal. But
drugs can wreak havoc on those natural systems. Some drugs are just so powerful that the body can't handle a typical cleaning
protocol. Sometimes, as mentioned, drugs are so powerful that people who attempt natural methods put their lives at risk.
That's why experts agree that a medical detox program is the safest choice for people with an addiction history. But it
isn't the only method available to people who want to get clean. In fact, there are a variety of different options out there
for people who need to move past drugs.
<h2>Cold Turkey</h2>
Some people use a cold-turkey method. Rather than using medications or a drug taper to allow the brain to adjust, they
stop the abuse all at once, pushing systems into sudden withdrawal.

For some people, this is a conscious choice. These people make a decision to leave drugs behind, and they simply stop
taking those drugs on that day, as soon as the decision is made. But sometimes, it's not a process that people choose
willingly. For example, according to

<em>
<a href="http://bangordailynews.com/2012/05/27/health/addicted-maine-inmates-have-no-choice-but-to-go-off-drugs-cold-turkey/'" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bangor Daily News</a>
</em>, prison inmates are often pushed into a cold-turkey withdrawal process, as the state of Maine doesn't provide medical
care unless there's a life-threatening complication in play.

While cold-turkey approaches can seem appealing, as they allow people to get sober as soon as they decide to do so,
they come with some risks. Some drugs are just too dangerous to stop taking all at once, and some drugs cause huge
withdrawal cravings that are very hard to ignore. A rapid withdrawal from drugs like this could cause relapses and
medical crises.
<h2>Detox &amp; Tapering</h2>
People with addictions become experts on how their drugs work and what they can do. They often know just how much of
specific drugs to take and exactly when to take them. They can use that knowledge in order to get sober through tapering
approaches.

The idea here is for people to take smaller and smaller doses of the drugs they're accustomed to, so their bodies can
grow accustomed to sobriety in slow and measured steps. Each day, they'll take just a little less, until they're taking
none at all.

Tapering protocols can take a long time to work. For example, in a study published in the
<a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD005194.pub2/abstract?userIsAuthenticated=false&amp;deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cochrane Library</a>, experts suggest that a benzodiazepine withdrawal works best when it lasts for longer than 10
weeks. People moving faster tended to relapse, so a slow approach was deemed more effective.

Tapering comes with the risk of relapse, too, as people doing a taper on their own have access to the drugs they're
addicted to. There's nothing to stop them from taking more, and some people do so.
<h2>Can I detox At Home?</h2>
People who want to get sober without feeling ill or undergoing a long taper might be tempted to purchase a home detox
kit. These products claim to ease the path to sobriety through herbs, tinctures, and vitamins, allowing for clean urine
tests and a healthy body. However, few of these products really do what manufacturers claim they do.

<a href="http://goaskalice.columbia.edu/answered-questions/marijuana-and-drug-detox-kits" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Columbia University</a> says home detox kits don't contain elements proven to speed the removal of drugs through the
body. They just do not work. Which means that people trying these products for home detox are likely simply signing
up for cold-turkey withdrawal. This isn't safe, as mentioned, for people taking some types of drugs.
<h2>Rapid Detox</h2>
This detox method is far from DIY. Instead, people using this method enroll in programs in which they're sedated and
then provided with medications that can render active drug particles inactive. It's touted as a solution for opioid
addictions, and it can be tempting to some users, as the whole process is complete within just a few days.

Unfortunately, researchers at the
<a href="http://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/nida-notes/2006/10/study-finds-withdrawal-no-easier-ultrarapid-opiate-detox" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Institute on Drug Abuse</a> say this method comes with few or no benefits. People undergoing this type of
detox are no more likely to stay sober than people who went through a traditional medical detox, but they were more
likely to endure life-threatening complications during withdrawal. In addition, the rapid method still came with some
discomfort blamed on drug withdrawal. That means people using this method were putting their lives at risk, for no
real benefits that researchers could see.
<h2>What Is the Process of Detoxification?</h2>
<img class="alignright size-medium wp-image-36052" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/diagnostics-1-300x200.jpg" alt="group therapy" width="300" height="200" /> Clearly, other methods of detox come with some dangers and/or drawbacks that make them far from appealing to everyone with an addiction. Medical detox is different. Here, people have supervision and support as they detox, so they won't be forced to deal with changes and cravings without help.

[quote]Often, medical detox teams use medications to blunt the force of withdrawal symptoms, so people can move through the process without feeling ill.[/quote]

Each detox facility has specialized plans and protocols, but most of these facilities probably follow the same steps to help
clients. Inpatient detox begins with evaluations. Teams determine:
<ul>
 	<li>What drugs the person has taken</li>
 	<li>When the last dose was consumed</li>
 	<li>What drug doses the person is accustomed to</li>
 	<li>How long the abuse has been happening</li>
 	<li>How many times the person has tried to get sober in the past</li>
 	<li>What happened during these prior sobriety attempts</li>
</ul>
Then, teams pull together a medical detox protocol that encompasses medications, nutrition, emotional support, and alternative
medicine. The person enrolled has the opportunity to accept or decline any part of that plan, and then the process begins.

As the person moves through detox, the team keeps a close eye on both mental and physical health.

Any sign of discomfort means that things aren't progressing as they should. Medications might need adjusting or therapies might need a tweak. There's always someone nearby to provide that adjustment and monitoring, so the health of the person is always protected.

<img class="alignright" src="/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/bigstock-close-up-of-patient-and-doctor-69241132-250x168.jpg" alt="getting help" width="250" height="168" align="left" />There's no set end to medical detox, but it typically takes place when the person with the addiction is no longer taking any sort of drug and feels comfortable with the idea of entering therapeutic programs to build on detox completion. That work is absolutely necessary.

Detox alone can't ensure lasting sobriety. When these programs are complete, people are sober for the moment, but they don't have the tools they'll need in order to preserve that sobriety. They probably can't handle a relapse trigger, like a friend offering drugs or a party filled with alcohol. They probably don't know what to do in order to avoid those triggers. That's work that happens in drug rehab, and that takes place after medical detox.

[quote]Teams involved in medical detox can smooth the road to rehab by suggesting good programs, ensuring enrollment, and otherwise making sure that the person does the work required for long-term sobriety.[/quote]

With this kind of encouragement and support, people may enroll in programs that they might not have considered without a push.
<h3>Finding Help</h3>
<img class="alignright size-medium wp-image-35660 " src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/heroin-addiction-treatment-1-300x200.jpg " alt="finding help and addiction recovery " width="300 " height="200 " />

Medical detox programs provide the best path to sobriety for people with addictions, and there are programs just like this all over the United States.

When addictions are impacting a family, medical detox programs can provide a part of the answer. By enrolling, <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/blog/destroy-relationships/ " target="_blank " rel="noopener ">families will soon be on the road to a happier and healthier future.</a>

How to Find a Drug Detox Center

[content-overview]<a href="http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/zolpidem-oromucosal-route-sublingual-route/precautions/drg-20068261" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ambien</a> is a sleep medication designed to help people who suffer from chronic insomnia.[/content-overview] It is not intended for long-term use. Physicians have been advised that if their patients continue to need the medication after a few weeks of use, at most, they should take the patient off the medication and find an alternative therapy.

<img class="alignright" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/cannot-sleep-300x211.jpg" alt="ambien withdrawals" width="300" height="211" />

<a href="http://www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety/ucm334033.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ambien is the brand name for zolpidem</a>, a sleep-inducing medication that in recent years has become more frequently abused. In the past, medical professionals were warned that individuals with a history of addictive behaviors, such as addiction to alcohol or prescription medications, were more likely to become addicted to Ambien. While this is true, a 2011 study published in <i>Behavioral Pharmacology</i> suggests that the hypnotic “high” associated with <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3077937/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ambien abuse can be addictive</a> for people who have not previously displayed addictive propensities for other substances.

When used properly, Ambien helps people with chronic insomnia fall asleep, but is not designed to help them remain asleep. Part of the prescription states that patients prescribed Ambien should only take the medication within one hour of going to bed. However, when <a href="http://www.ct.gov/dcp/lib/dcp/drug_control/pmp/pdf/zolpidem.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ambien is abused</a>, individuals take the medication in larger doses, without the intention of falling asleep, or with other medications like stimulants or alcohol, which can enhance the drug’s hypnotic effects.

Doctors always <a href="http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/019908s035,021774s016lbl.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">prescribe the lowest possible dose of Ambien</a> to their patients, and it is recommended that they monitor their patients for psychological changes or a need for sleep medications for a period beyond 10 days. These can indicate that the individual patient has become addicted to Ambien or could be abusing the drug.

[button-color link='/insurance-coverage']Learn more about insurance coverage and verify your insurance with AAC[/button-color]
<h2>Withdrawal from Ambien</h2>
Symptoms of <a href="http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/archives/fdaDrugInfo.cfm?archiveid=3878" target="_blank" rel="noopener">withdrawal from Ambien</a> begin within 48 hours of the final dose. They include:

[columns count="2"]
<ul>
 	<li>Anxiety</li>
 	<li>Mood swings</li>
 	<li>Irritability</li>
 	<li>Cravings for Ambien</li>
 	<li>Sweating</li>
 	<li>Tremors</li>
 	<li>Fatigue</li>
 	<li>Nausea or vomiting</li>
 	<li>Abdominal cramps or discomfort</li>
 	<li>Uncontrolled crying or depression</li>
 	<li>Delirium</li>
 	<li>Flushing</li>
 	<li>Panic attacks</li>
 	<li>Rapid heart rate and breathing</li>
 	<li>Rebound insomnia</li>
 	<li>Seizures (rare)</li>
</ul>
[/columns]

[quote]<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278584606002971" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Seizures</a> occur in less than 1 percent of withdrawal cases, but they can occur in cases where the individual quits Ambien “cold turkey” or is suddenly unable to satisfy the craving for the drug.[/quote]

This seems to be connected to benzodiazepine receptors in the brain and changes in pathways related to uptake of this neurotransmitter.

[callout title="More on Withdrawal &amp; Timelines"]
<ul>
 	<li><a href="/benzodiazepine/length-of-withdrawal">Benzodiazepines</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/ativan-treatment/withdrawal-timeline">Ativan</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/halcion-addiction/withdrawal">Halcion</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/valium-treatment/withdrawal-duration">Valium</a></li>
</ul>
[/callout]

[callout title="Ambien Withdrawal Timeline"]
<a href="http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/717142" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Withdrawal symptoms</a> typically lessen or disappear within 1-2 weeks. The most acute withdrawal symptoms typically occur within the first 3-5 days, but psychological withdrawal symptoms can persist for up to two weeks. In some rare cases, an individual may experience insomnia, cravings, panic attacks, and other side effects for months after stopping use of Ambien.

It is difficult to know exactly how long Ambien withdrawal takes for each individual person. A period of 1-2 weeks is average, but several factors can affect how long a person experiences Ambien withdrawal symptoms. These include:
<ul>
 	<li><i>How long the person took Ambien</i>: When an individual takes Ambien as prescribed for a short period of time, the person is less likely to experience withdrawal symptoms, and those symptoms will not be acute or severe.</li>
 	<li><i>How high the Ambien dose was</i>: If a person takes more Ambien than prescribed, that person is more likely to develop a tolerance to the medication, which means more Ambien is needed to feel “normal.” This can lead to worse physical and psychological withdrawal symptoms.</li>
 	<li><i>Whether or not the Ambien was the extended-release version</i>: Extended-release medications offer a higher dose of the drug than non-extended-release medications. While this means the medication is slowly released into the system when taken normally, forms of abuse allow individuals to bypass the chemicals that slow the release and take a large dose of Ambien all at once. This can lead to much more intense withdrawal symptoms.</li>
 	<li><i>If the individual took other drugs in addition to Ambien</i>: Other medications, alcohol, or illegal drugs can enhance the effects of Ambien, increasing the potential “high.” Withdrawal symptoms are likely to be compounded if the person ceases all drug use at once.</li>
</ul>
[/callout]
<h2>Medications Used to Treat Ambien Withdrawal Symptoms</h2>
Although a medical professional may prescribe psychiatric treatments for depression or anxiety related to Ambien withdrawal, there are few drugs that treat the actual withdrawal effects. Anti-seizure medications may be used to help people who suffer seizures during withdrawal. Those suffering severe anxiety or suicidal thoughts are likely to receive short-term prescriptions for mood-stabilizing medications.

Some recent medical research suggests quetiapine, an antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, has helped some Ambien withdrawal symptoms. However, there are no recommended prescribing practices around this medication for this purpose yet.

People who wish to stop using Ambien are encouraged to speak to medical professionals about potential withdrawal symptoms. Because of the potential for seizures, some doctors may work with the individual to taper the Ambien dose, rather than stop “cold turkey.” This helps to prevent seizures, and it can also reduce or prevent other withdrawal symptoms.
<h2>Additional Help to Stop Abusing the Drug</h2>
It is very important for people struggling with Ambien addiction to have solid emotional support while they stop taking this medication. As Ambien is a sedative, medical detox is recommended. While detox is often the starting point for recovery, it does not constitute addiction treatment on its own. Comprehensive treatment must follow.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy can help these individuals learn better coping skills, and talk therapy can also be helpful when working through psychological problems. Group therapy can provide another source of emotional support for people struggling with Ambien addiction.

[callout title="About Drug and Alcohol Detox"]
<ul>
 	<li><a href="/drug-detox/find-center">Find Detox Help</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/drug-detox/cost">What Is the Cost?</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/drug-detox/pregnant">Concerns While Pregnant</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/outpatient-treatment/detox">Outpatient Options</a></li>
</ul>
[/callout]

Ambien Withdrawal - Symptoms, Timeline and Tips

Knowing that I have to power to control my addictions is great. I knew I had the power for the twenty-five years that I simply could not control my addictions. But I knew that I could, if I wanted to. I just didn’t want to. So, maybe, just maybe the key to contented sobriety has more to do with wanting it than it has to do with not being able to control it? After all, if I really wanted it, I would not have willingly given control to the booze, and could have simply stayed sober and saved a lot of people a lot of pain. What kind of monster would allow the people he loves to suffer?

[caption id="attachment_34962" align="alignright" width="249"]<img class="size-full wp-image-34962" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Screen-Shot-2016-06-27-at-11.06.16-AM.png" alt="" width="249" height="212" /> Captain Michael Morse, retired, Providence Fire Department[/caption]

An addicted one!

I lacked the courage to change that which I could, and did not possess the serenity to accept what I could not, so I did what an good alcoholic would do: I decided that it was all nonsense, threw wisdom out the window and kept on drinking. I spend a lot of time with people like me; people who struggle with addiction. Nearly every one of us had to come to grips with our powerlessness over that which addicted us. For some, it was a relief; knowing that the game was fixed and always had been made it easier to accept. For others, admitting powerlessness was akin to death. We value our freedom far too much to have it hindered by anything we cannot control. We fought our powerlessness with everything we had, only to fail again and again. Only after it became abundantly clear that by allowing the possibility that we are powerless into our minds we might find some relief did we do so.

Addiction is only one of the many things I am powerless over. Admitting this does not make me weak, I do not waste time fighting an inevitable fact. All of us are powerless. Not one of us alive today will be here a hundred or so years from now. I will not be here forever, and that is okay.  It is remarkable how “accepting things we cannot change” makes “changing things we cannot accept” possible.  We may be powerless over many things, but not all. Knowing the difference makes the difference between success and failure. Alcohol may have power over me when it enters my bloodstream, but if it is not allowed access it has no power. That power diverts right back to where it belongs.

To Me.

[quote]“God, (of my choosing) grant me <strong>the serenity</strong> to accept the things I cannot change, Courage to change the things I can, And wisdom to know the difference.”[/quote]

Serenity

[content-overview]Nearly 20% of minors drink alcohol, including 4.5 million who are binge drinkers.<sup>1</sup> AAC is hosting community events about the effects of underage drinking as part of SAMHSA's Communities Talk initiative.[/content-overview]

Although national studies show that underage alcohol use has steadily declined since 2002, there were still 7.4 million drinkers between the ages of 12 and 20 in 2017.<sup>1</sup> With this in mind, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration is leveraging Alcohol Awareness Month in April and National Prevention Week May 12-18 to <a href="https://www.stopalcoholabuse.gov/townhallmeetings/whats-new.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">bring conversations about underage drinking into communities</a>.<a href="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/teenager.jpg"><img class="alignright size-full wp-image-56874" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/teenager.jpg" alt="underage drinking problem" width="334" height="500" /></a>

With alcohol being the top-treated substance of abuse at addiction rehab centers across the country<sup>2</sup> and <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/the-real-gateway-drug">nearly 66% of people reporting that alcohol was the first substance they ever used</a><sup>3</sup> it’s clear that communication with youths about underage drinking is an important first step to addressing the problem.

American Addiction Centers is participating in this important mission by hosting discussions in our own communities. On April 23, Oxford Treatment Center will host the panel discussion The Culture of Alcohol: Current Perspectives on Underage Drinking, <a href="https://www.oxfordtreatment.com/event/culture-alcohol-current-perspectives-underage-drinking/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">plus a Q&amp;A session with local government representatives and medical professionals</a>, at Oxford High School Library.

On April 29, Laguna Treatment Hospital hosts <a href="https://lagunatreatment.com/about-us/events-and-media/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">From Underage Drinking to Addiction: Stories and Stats We Can’t Ignore</a>. This special community event will be joined by childhood <em>Baywatch</em> star Jeremy Jackson, who shares his personal story of addiction, which started with having his first beer at the age of 12.

These events are open to all members of the community: teens, parents, professors, advisors—anyone who wants to take a more active role in reducing the impact of underage drinking.

It is often said that “addiction is a family disease,” and underage drinking is no exception. Parents of teens and young adults may already be aware of their child’s alcohol use, but not know how to address the subject without pushing their loved one away. We encourage family members of underage drinkers to read<a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/guide-for-families-i](https://americanaddictioncenters.org/guide-for-families-i"> Parts I</a> and <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/guide-for-families-ii](https://americanaddictioncenters.org/guide-for-families-ii">II of our Guide for Families t</a>o learn about substance use disorder in this age group and the options that are available.

AAC is passionate about helping people of all walks of life find recovery from substance use disorders by providing research, support, and community resources <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/about-us">alongside our evidence-based treatment methods</a>.

[caption id="attachment_56893" align="alignleft" width="200"]<a href="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/JeremyJackson.jpg"><img class="wp-image-56893 size-medium" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/JeremyJackson-200x300.jpg" alt="Jeremy Jackson story of addiction, alcoholism and sobriety." width="200" height="300" /></a> Jeremy Jackson, former child star of the sitcom Baywatch, will share his personal story of addiction at Laguna Treatment Hospital on April 29.[/caption]
<h3>Sources</h3>
[1] Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2018)./Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health/(HHS Publication No. SMA 18-5068, NSDUH Series H-53). Rockville, MD: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality.

[2] Recovery Brands. (2017).

[3] American Addiction Centers. (2018).

AAC Treatment Centers Host Town Halls on Underage Drinking

Memorial Day weekend is here, and we know that holidays and family gatherings can be difficult for those struggling with addiction.

Old family feuds, drama between family members, or disapproval of things that have happened in the past are often aired during social functions. All of this can be extremely stressful.

There is no "magic cure" for addiction. It takes hard work to get clean and sober, but you can start today, and have a better tomorrow.

<a href="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/memorialday.png"><img class="alignright size-medium wp-image-58343" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/memorialday-300x151.png" alt="This Memorial Day, don't let addiction ruin your holiday weekend" width="300" height="151" /></a>

A story from <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/treatment-centers/oxford">Oxford Treatment Center</a> alumnus carter:
<h2>Don't Ruin Memorial Day (Like I Did)</h2>
In my hometown there's a Memorial Day parade followed by partying all day and fireworks all evening. This particular Memorial Day, our family (all 31 of us) were supposed to take a group photo before the parade because this was the first time in years we were all in the same place. I knew it would be a big deal if I missed it, but at that time I didn't care about hurting my family.

I partied hard the night before, and even though I was sick I woke up early the morning of the family photo so I could get what I needed not to be sick in front of my family. But that trip ended up taking 2 hours due to holiday traffic, and I completely missed the family photo. I was embarrassed, but I figured my parents and grandparents would just have to just get over it.

I decided go to my uncle's Memorial Day pool party in hopes of taking some of the negative attention away from my missing the family photo. But of course, I was still scolded by my parents, and my other relatives refused to speak to me. Even though this hurt my feelings, I was pretty numb to any emotion or human connection due to my excessive using. I brushed it off, went to the bathroom every 30-45 mins to do another line, and returned to the party trying to act casual with my sunglasses on and a drink in my hand.

My family knew I had a problem, but they didn’t understand the extent of it. Nobody in my family had ever really addressed "the disease of addiction," so <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/rehab-guide/family-members">they didn’t know how to tell me</a> to stop drinking and drugging. They also thought I’d storm off in a rage if they mentioned it, and they didn’t want me to run away from the problem, so it was a lose-lose situation in their eyes.

I sat on the edge of the pool listening to music and making small talk with my teenage cousins. Next thing I know, I feel the cold water of the pool on my face and then I'm being dragged out of the pool by my uncle and brother. I came to almost instantly, and I remember the extreme discomfort of my wet clothes sticking to my skin and the chlorine smell stuck in my nose from nearly drowning.

I had no idea what happened, but they say I passed out and fell face first into the pool. I was 22 and on the swim team, so everyone noticed it was out of character for me. I would have drowned if my family hadn't been there. My younger cousins were crying, and my dad and uncle yelled at me. My mom left the party, I'm guessing because she couldn't handle the situation. My family asked me to leave.

Nobody could believe what had happened. I was <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/disease-of-addiction">lost and out of control</a>. Even after nearly drowning and being asked to leave, I lashed out at my family and told them they were crazy. I told them they didn’t deserve a happy Memorial Day because they didn’t even want their own family member there. I even told my dad “if you actually cared about me or took responsibility for your kids, I wouldn’t have turned out this way.” What I didn't understand then, was that the only person responsible for the Memorial Day wreckage was me.

My parents were and still are the best parents anybody could ever ask for, and they did everything they could to help me. They are the reason I ultimately ended up at The Oxford Center — an AAC rehab — and that was the best decision I ever made.

Treatment at Oxford offered me a long term solution for my self-induced insanity through the abuse of drugs and alcohol.

Today I’m healthy and thriving, and<a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/sobriety-guide"> just over 2 years sober</a>!

<em>— Carter, Oxford Center alumnus</em>

This Memorial Day, Don't Let Addiction Ruin Your Holiday Weekend

What is Ativan Addiction and Treatment?
<p class="faded">There are no medicines approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of addiction to benzodiazepines like Ativan, but there are other therapies that can help. Cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational enhancement therapy, and contingency management are all therapy styles that can help people with addictions to recognize and change the thought processes and beliefs that contribute to substance abuse. Twelve-step programs can reinforce those lessons, too, helping to sustain recovery.</p>
<p class="faded"><strong><a href="http://www.drugs.com/ativan.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ativan</a> is the trade name for the generic drug lorazepam and part of the drug category known as benzodiazepines.</strong></p>
<p class="faded">This class of drugs is also called sedatives or tranquilizers. Like other benzodiazepines, <a href="http://whatmeds.stanford.edu/medications/lorazepam.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ativan works by attaching to GABA</a> (gamma-aminobutyric acid) receptors in the brain. One effect of Ativan is to slow down the chemical signals nerve receptors receive, which causes an overall calming effect, usually without impairing the cardiovascular or respiratory system.</p>

<blockquote class="c-quote ">
<div>
<p class="faded">Ativan is mainly used to treat anxiety; though, in medical practice doctors have found that Ativan can have therapeutic benefits across a range of different conditions.</p>

</div></blockquote>
<figure class="c-media">
<div><img class="c-media__img" alt="ativan addiction side effects withdrawal overdose" data-src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/ativan-addiction-side-effects-withdrawal-overdose.jpg" /></div></figure>
<p class="faded"><a href="http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-8892-5244/lorazepam-oral/lorazepam-oral/details/list-conditions" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ativan is also prescribed for the following conditions</a>:</p>
<p class="faded"></p>

<ul>
 	<li class="faded">Manic bipolar disorder (as an adjunctive treatment)</li>
 	<li class="faded">Vomiting associated with cancer drugs and chemotherapy</li>
 	<li class="faded">Chronic sleep problems</li>
 	<li class="faded">Restlessness</li>
 	<li class="faded">Muscle spasms</li>
 	<li class="faded">Nausea</li>
 	<li class="faded">Symptoms associated with alcohol withdrawal</li>
 	<li class="faded">Psychosis associated with abrupt withdrawal from alcohol</li>
</ul>
<p class="faded"></p>
<p class="faded">Ativan is highly addictive. For this reason, prescribing doctors should inquire with patients about their history of drug abuse, if any, or whether addiction issues are common in their families.</p>
<p class="faded">To prevent physical and mental dependence on the medication, many doctors will only prescribe Ativan as a short-term treatment for 3-4 months.</p>
<p class="faded">Ativan abuse can affect people differently. The Internet is full of personal accounts ranging from Ativan being good for the treatment of panic attacks to long-term users feeling desperate to get off this sedative. Although unverified, some users report pleasurable, calm feelings while <a href="http://www.bluelight.org/vb/archive/index.php/t-133338.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">others report hallucinations</a> (a rare side effect). While Ativan abusers may experience different effects, it is clear that this prescription medication is a recreational drug of abuse.</p>
<p class="faded"></p>

<h4 class="faded">Other Benzodiazepines &amp; Related Drugs</h4>
<ul>
 	<li class="faded"><a href="../../../../xanax-treatment">Xanax</a></li>
 	<li class="faded"><a href="../../../../klonopin-treatment">Klonopin</a></li>
 	<li class="faded"><a href="../../../../valium-treatment">Valium</a></li>
 	<li class="faded"><a href="../../../../ambien-treatment">Ambien</a></li>
 	<li class="faded"><a href="../../../../halcion-addiction">Halcion</a></li>
 	<li class="faded"><a href="../../../../lunesta-treatment">Lunesta</a></li>
 	<li class="faded"><a href="../../../../phenibut">Phenibut</a></li>
</ul>
<p class="faded"></p>

<h2 class="faded">Dependence and Addiction</h2>
<p class="faded"><img alt="Pills In Pill Bottle On White Background" width="250" height="167" align="right" data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/bigstock-Pills-In-Pill-Bottle-On-White-91011863-250x167.jpg" />Ativan, like many drugs, can cause physical dependence. There are two main hallmarks of physical dependence on Ativan. First the body develops a tolerance to the drug and the person requires increased amounts to get the desired therapeutic effect or recreational “high.” Unfortunately, as tolerance builds and dosage increases, the risk of overdose also increases. Secondly, due to increased tolerance, people abusing Ativan will often have withdrawal symptoms when they stop using or significantly reduce the familiar amount. <a href="http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-addiction-treatment-research-based-guide-third-edition/frequently-asked-questions/there-difference-between-physical-dependence" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Physical dependence is distinguishable from addiction</a>. Dependence is a component of addiction, but not all persons who are physically dependent will become addicted. A person who becomes addicted to Ativan will generally show mental and behavioral signs. For instance, there is often an increased amount of time, energy, and resources dedicated to getting and taking Ativan, which in turn negatively impacts work, family, school, and/or personal obligations.</p>
<p class="faded"><a href="http://www.rxlist.com/ativan-drug/warnings-precautions.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ativan withdrawal symptoms</a> include:</p>

<ul>
 	<li class="faded">Anxiety</li>
 	<li class="faded">Vertigo</li>
 	<li class="faded">Confusion</li>
 	<li class="faded">Short-term memory loss</li>
 	<li class="faded">Depression</li>
 	<li class="faded">Panic attacks</li>
 	<li class="faded">Sweating</li>
 	<li class="faded">Insomnia</li>
 	<li class="faded">Depersonalization</li>
 	<li class="faded">Hallucinations and delirium</li>
 	<li class="faded">Derealization</li>
 	<li class="faded">Seizures</li>
</ul>
<p class="faded"></p>
<p class="faded">Withdrawal symptoms from Ativan can be particularly dangerous. For this reason, high dose and/or long-term users are strongly encouraged to undergo medically supervised detox. In general, withdrawal from Ativan requires a tapering process, as suddenly stopping this drug can lead to the above symptoms as well as more serious complications. Harrowing personal accounts of benzodiazepine withdrawal abound online. Sophie Saint Thomas, a freelance writer, shared her Ativan withdrawal story with the substance abuse informational site <a href="http://www.thefix.com/content/benzo-withdrawal-scattered-and-anxious-account" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Fix</a>. She describes how she was working on her yoga teacher certification when she abruptly stop taking her daily 1 mg pill of Ativan. Despite her good health and advanced daily yoga practice, Saint Thomas had a severe panic attack that she mistook for a heart attack. Saint Thomas shares that she initially got a prescription for Ativan to treat her general anxiety. After this experience, she resumed taking Ativan but only to avoid withdrawal. After another cold-turkey detox attempt, she ended up in the emergency room with seizure-like symptoms. Ultimately, Saint Thomas accepted that she could not be impulsive about ending her Ativan dependence and instead needs to taper off the drug.</p>
<p class="faded"></p>
<p class="faded">Recognizing substance abuse is not always easy or straightforward. As Ativan is a prescription medication, a person who abuses the drug may fall into any one of the following relevant categories:</p>

<ul>
 	<li class="faded">Has a legitimate need and prescription for Ativan</li>
 	<li class="faded">Has feigned symptoms to procure a prescription for Ativan</li>
 	<li class="ar-disabled faded">Sources Ativan from other people with prescriptions</li>
 	<li class="faded">Buys Ativan illegally on the street</li>
 	<li class="faded">Engages in “doctor shopping”to get multiple prescriptions</li>
</ul>
<p class="faded"></p>
<p class="faded">In most of the above situations, Ativan prescription bottles may be found in the person’s home, car, or workplace. A person who is using Ativan in compliance with a doctor’s instructions will only have one prescription per month (and generally not for more than four months) from one doctor. If you see many prescription bottles, with overlapping months, that is a strong signal that Ativan abuse is occurring. In addition, when Ativan abusers go <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/phlp/docs/menu-shoppinglaws.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">doctor shopping</a>, they also fill prescriptions at different pharmacies to avoid detection. It is helpful to pay attention to where prescriptions are being filled.</p>
<p class="faded">Ativan abuse can also have apparent physical side effects. For this reason, it is valuable to learn about the <a href="http://www.emedicinehealth.com/benzodiazepine_abuse/page3_em.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">side effects associated with high doses of benzodiazepines</a>, such as:</p>

<ul>
 	<li class="faded">Drowsiness</li>
 	<li class="faded">Poor decision-making ability</li>
 	<li class="faded">Blurred vision</li>
 	<li class="faded">Difficulty breathing</li>
 	<li class="faded">Confusion</li>
 	<li class="faded">Lack of coordination</li>
 	<li class="faded">Dizziness</li>
 	<li class="faded">Coma</li>
 	<li class="faded">Weakness</li>
 	<li class="faded">Cessation of breathing, leading to death</li>
 	<li class="faded">Slurred speech</li>
</ul>
<p class="faded">In some instances, Ativan abusers may not consume a high dose but rather a heavy dose over a long period of time. These individuals are considered to be chronic abusers. <a href="http://www.emedicinehealth.com/benzodiazepine_abuse/page3_em.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Symptoms of frequent consumption of Ativan</a> include:</p>

<ul>
 	<li class="faded">Anxiety</li>
 	<li class="faded">Headaches</li>
 	<li class="faded">Insomnia</li>
 	<li class="faded">Weakness</li>
 	<li class="faded">Anorexia</li>
 	<li class="faded">Tremors</li>
 	<li class="faded">Memory problems</li>
</ul>
<p class="faded">Even still, there is another level to benzodiazepine abuse. Many individuals who abuse benzodiazepines like Ativan do so as part of a more broad drug abuse routine. These persons are considered to be poly-drug users who consume a varying range of drugs at once. A research paper published in the journal <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22857878" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Drug and Alcohol Dependence</em></a> reviewed 200 research studies related to co-occurring benzodiazepine and opioid abuse. It appears that these two substances are a common pair not only in the US, but also around the globe. The researchers sought to understand why these two drug types are often paired together.</p>
<p class="faded">Among their findings, they noted that benzodiazepines are mainly abused for their recreational value. In other words, opioid abusers who also abuse benzodiazepines may not be trying to self-medicate insomnia, mania, or anxiety. Rather, co-users of these drugs reported that they liked benzodiazepines because of their potential to boost the effects of the opioid “high.” The researchers called for further study in the area of the interaction between opioid and benzodiazepine abuse, especially because the mixture can be particularly lethal and present greater challenges in the treatment context.</p>

<h2 class="faded">Treatment</h2>
<p class="faded">A comparative review of drug rehab centers will show that there is a core set of treatment services and also complementary services designed to support the core recovery plan.</p>
<p class="faded">In <a href="http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-addiction-treatment-research-based-guide-third-edition/principles-effective-treatment" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment</em></a>, published by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, core addiction treatment methods include pharmacological interventions and psycho-behavioral therapy. Pharmacological intervention refers to <a href="http://www.samhsa.gov/medication-assisted-treatment" target="_blank" rel="noopener">medication-assisted treatment</a> (MAT). The FDA has approved certain drugs for the treatment of addiction to certain drugs of abuse. Today, most MAT services work on opioid abuse. At present, there are no medicines specifically approved to treat benzodiazepine abuse (other than using benzodiazepines in the tapering process). However, it is crucial to take note of MAT for opioid abuse in conjunction Ativan abuse because of the high co-occurrence of abuse of these two drug types.</p>
<p class="faded">A core set of services focused on psycho-behavioral therapy is a pillar of drug addiction rehab. <a href="http://archives.drugabuse.gov/pdf/monographs/104.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Different psycho-behavioral therapy techniques</a> are based on varying theories about what causes psychological stress leading to addiction, and the most effective approaches to achieve and maintain a drug-free mind.</p>
<p class="faded">Some of the most widely used psycho-behavioral therapies in drug rehabs are:</p>

<ul>
 	<li class="faded">Cognitive behavioral therapy</li>
 	<li class="faded">Community reinforcement approach</li>
 	<li class="faded">Motivational enhancement therapy</li>
 	<li class="faded">Contingency management interventions</li>
 	<li class="faded">Dialectical behavior therapy</li>
</ul>
<p class="faded">In rehab, psychotherapy is provided on both an individual and group level. For example, in a one-on-one <a href="http://www2.nami.org/content/navigationmenu/inform_yourself/about_mental_illness/about_treatments_and_supports/cognitive_behavioral_therapy1.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cognitive behavioral therapy</a> (CBT) session, the therapist will work with the recovering individual to identify the thought processes and beliefs underlying the substance abuse. CBT has a strong focus on learning processes and posits that drug abuse is a <a href="../../../../sobriety-guide/coping-mechanism/">maladapted way of coping with stress</a>. After the underlying causes of the Ativan abuse are acknowledged, the next step is to develop new drug-free strategies to cope with stressor (e.g., triggers that cue the person to abuse drugs rather than engage in other behaviors, such as taking a walk or calling a friend for support). CBT has proven to be effective and long-lasting; even after sessions end, recovering persons report they still use the strategies they learned in CBT to maintain abstinence and make healthier life choices in general.</p>
<p class="faded"><a href="http://www.12step.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Twelve-step programs</a> are such an integral part of the recovery framework that these meetings are often considered to be synonymous with recovery. Twelve-step programs may be considered ancillary therapy options, although many would say that they belong at the core of all rehab programs. These programs are distinct from psychotherapy group work. In a 12-step program, the members organize and lead the group, not a psychotherapist. For this reason, a drug rehab center can serve as a host of a 12-step group but does not actually manage it. Also, the sober sponsors who work with members of 12-step groups are not compensated by a rehab center, as their role is entirely voluntarily. Twelve-step work is not just integral to the recovery process during inpatient or outpatient rehab, but also after graduation, as part of an effective aftercare system.</p>
<p class="faded">The importance of <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK64269/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">family therapy</a>, when available, cannot be overlooked. Families and other concerned individuals are often credited with the being the interventions who got the substance abuser into treatment in the first place. Drug rehab centers offer different types of family-focused services, including, for example, group therapy for the family, drug education for family members, and on-site “family day” social events. Family members and other loved ones are urged to seek individual psychotherapy to heal from <a href="http://www.whatiscodependency.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">co-dependency</a> (if present) as well as the painful ripple effects of a loved one’s drug abuse.</p>
<p class="faded">There are numerous examples of other ancillary resources available at drug rehab centers. Much of the time, the type of complementary services depends on funding. A large subset of ancillary services revolve around wellness. Some examples of ancillary wellness services on offer at drug rehabs include:</p>

<ul>
 	<li class="faded">Yoga</li>
 	<li class="faded">Animal-assisted therapy</li>
 	<li class="faded">Massage</li>
 	<li class="faded">Adventure therapy (such as hiking)</li>
 	<li class="faded">Meditation</li>
 	<li class="faded">Art therapy</li>
 	<li class="faded">Equine-assisted therapy</li>
 	<li class="faded">Physical training at an on-site gym</li>
</ul>
<p class="faded">Even a recovering person with a supportive family may need additional help from public systems that offer help with housing, free or low-cost legal services, transportation, public benefits, childcare, and/or job placement.</p>
<p class="not-faded">If case management services are not offered on site at the rehab center, a staff counselor may have guidance about how to find social workers at a local advocacy group or nonprofit that can provide assistance.</p>

What to Know About&nbsp;Treatment &amp; Addiction to Ativan

<h2 class="faded">What Is Heroin Withdrawal?</h2><p class="faded">Heroin withdrawal symptoms may only last a week or so, but the symptoms can be serious and include:</p><div><ul><li class="faded">Nausea</li><li class="faded">Abdominal pain</li><li class="faded">Sweating</li><li class="faded">Shaking</li><li class="faded">Nervousness</li><li class="faded">Agitation</li><li class="faded">Depression</li><li class="faded">Muscle spasms</li><li class="faded">Cravings for drugs</li></ul></div><p class="faded"><a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/medical-detox-centers" data-mce-href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/medical-detox-centers">Medical detox providers</a> use medications and therapy to ease symptoms, boosting the risks that a person will move through withdrawal safely and successfully.</p><p style="text-align: left;" data-mce-style="text-align: left;" class="faded">As prescription painkillers become harder to divert, obtain, and alter, many people addicted to opiates are turning to heroin as the answer.</p><p class="faded">Heroin may be a cheaper alternative to powerful and addictive drugs like OxyContin and Vicodin, and <a href="http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/29/health/gupta-unintended-consequences/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-mce-href="http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/29/health/gupta-unintended-consequences/">CNN</a> reports that close to half of young injection heroin users abused a prescription opioid drug first.</p><figure class="c-media"><div><img class="c-media__img" alt="heroin withdrawal &amp; detox timeline" data-src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/heroin-withdrawal-timeline.png"></div></figure><p class="faded">The <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/heroin/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-mce-href="http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/heroin/index.html">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a> (CDC) reports that heroin abuse has doubled for Americans aged 18-25 in the past decade. In 2013, approximately 8,200 individuals died from a heroin overdose, which is close to four times the number of heroin-related overdose fatalities in 2002.</p><blockquote class="c-quote "><div><p class="faded">Heroin is highly addictive. Due to its powerful withdrawal symptoms, those who are dependent on heroin may fare better in medical detox in order.</p></div></blockquote><p class="faded"></p><div>More on Withdrawal &amp; Timelines</div><ul><li class="faded"><a href="/dilaudid-abuse/how-long-is-withdrawal" data-mce-href="../../../../dilaudid-abuse/how-long-is-withdrawal">Dilaudid</a></li><li class="faded"><a href="/methadone-addiction/as-short-term-detox" data-mce-href="../../../../methadone-addiction/as-short-term-detox">Methadone</a></li><li class="faded"><a href="/morphine-treatment/timelines-symptoms" data-mce-href="../../../../morphine-treatment/timelines-symptoms">Morphine</a></li><li class="faded"><a href="/opana-treatment/detox-timeline" data-mce-href="../../../../opana-treatment/detox-timeline">Opana</a></li><li class="faded"><a href="/suboxone/withdrawal" data-mce-href="../../../../suboxone/withdrawal">Suboxone</a></li></ul><p class="faded"></p><h2 class="faded">Heroin Withdrawal Symptoms</h2><p class="faded">Heroin withdrawal will not be the same for everyone.</p><p class="faded">The longer someone uses heroin, how it was abused, and how much was taken each time will all be factors in how dependent the brain and body are to the substance. Therefore, the severity and duration of withdrawal will differ as well. Someone with a history of mental illness or prior opioid withdrawal may have a more intense withdrawal experience.</p><p class="faded">Heroin is an opiate drug that suppresses some of the functions of the central nervous system, like heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and temperature regulation. It also binds to opioid receptors, increasing chemicals in the brain that are responsible for feelings of pleasure. When heroin is abused, a rush of pleasure also occurs. During withdrawal, the effects are the opposite of the intoxicating effects. For example, instead of euphoria, reduced heart rate, and sedation, the individual may experience low mood, anxiety, and rapid heart rate, among other symptoms (see below).</p><p class="faded">Withdrawal symptoms range in severity in accordance with the level of dependence and duration of abuse.</p><p class="faded"></p><p class="faded">For someone who didn’t abuse heroin in massive doses for months or years, withdrawal may be more tempered and not last as long.</p><p class="faded"><br></p><div><br><em>Mild withdrawal symptoms:</em><ul><li class="faded">Nausea</li><li class="faded">Abdominal cramps</li><li class="faded">Tearing</li><li class="faded">Runny nose</li><li class="faded">Sweats</li><li class="faded">Chills</li><li class="faded">Yawning a lot</li><li class="faded">Muscle and bone aches</li></ul></div><div><br><em>Moderate withdrawal symptoms:</em><ul><li class="faded">Vomiting</li><li class="faded">Diarrhea</li><li class="faded">Agitation</li><li class="faded">Restlessness</li><li class="faded">Tremors</li><li class="faded">Trouble concentrating</li><li class="faded">Goose bumps</li><li class="faded">Fatigue</li></ul></div><div><br><em>Severe withdrawal symptoms:</em><ul><li class="faded">Anxiety</li><li class="faded">Insomnia</li><li class="faded">Depression</li><li class="faded">Hypertension</li><li class="faded">Rapid heart rate</li><li class="faded">Muscle spasms</li><li class="faded">Impaired respiration</li><li class="faded">Difficulty feeling pleasure</li><li class="faded">Drug cravings</li></ul></div><p class="faded"></p><p class="faded">Withdrawal from heroin isn’t generally considered life-threatening on its own; however, some of the medical and psychological symptoms may have complications that may be life-threatening.</p><p class="faded"></p><p class="faded">Depression may lead someone to consider suicide, for example. Heroin should never be stopped suddenly without the support of medical and/or mental health professionals who can employ multiple methods for managing the side effects of withdrawal and keep individuals safe.</p><p class="faded"><iframe width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ydnFNH83A6c"></iframe></p><p class="faded"></p><h2 class="faded">Heroin Detox Duration</h2><p class="faded">Heroin is a short-acting opioid, meaning that it takes effect rapidly but also leaves the bloodstream quickly. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) estimates that heroin withdrawal symptoms start within <strong>6-12 hours</strong> of the last dose, peak in <strong>2-3 days</strong>, and last <strong>5-10 days</strong> in total.</p><p class="faded">Detox is the set of interventions used to manage the symptoms of withdrawal. <a href="/withdrawal-timelines-treatments/" data-mce-href="../../../../withdrawal-timelines-treatments/">Since withdrawal can peak after a few days of the last dose</a>, detox in a substance abuse treatment center that offers medical detox may be the most comfortable way to withdraw from heroin.</p><p class="faded">Medical detox often starts before heroin completely leaves the system and usually takes between 5 and 7 days. For someone who is more heavily dependent on heroin, detox may last a little longer, up to 10 days. Medical detox often incorporates medications and therapy to help the body and brain recover from its dependence on heroin. Blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, and temperature levels are all monitored to help keep individuals safe and secure throughout the entire process.</p><p class="faded"></p><h2 class="faded">Managing Withdrawal at a Heroin Detox Center</h2><p class="faded">The <a href="http://www.asam.org/docs/default-source/advocacy/opioid-addiction-disease-facts-figures.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-mce-href="http://www.asam.org/docs/default-source/advocacy/opioid-addiction-disease-facts-figures.pdf">American Society of Addiction Medicine</a> (ASAM) estimates that 517,000 Americans battle heroin addiction. Heroin is classified as a Schedule I drug by the <a href="https://www.dea.gov/drug-scheduling" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-mce-href="https://www.dea.gov/drug-scheduling">Drug Enforcement Administration</a> (DEA), which means that it is considered to have a high rate of abuse and potential for addiction, and no medicinal uses in this country.</p><blockquote class="c-quote "><div><p class="faded">There are several medications approved to treat heroin dependency, some of which may be used during detox to control the more uncomfortable physical and emotional withdrawal side effects, as well as to keep cravings to a minimum. Ideally, this process is undertaken at a professional heroin detox center.</p></div></blockquote><p class="faded">Heroin may be replaced with a longer-acting opioid to relieve withdrawal symptoms and drug cravings, and adjunct medications may also be used to treat specific symptoms. Anti-nausea medications, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants are some examples of symptom-specific medications.</p><p class="faded">During medical detox, mental health professionals are also on hand to offer support and assistance. The <a href="https://www.nami.org/Blogs/NAMI-Blog/October-2017/Understanding-Dual-Diagnosis" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-mce-href="https://www.nami.org/Blogs/NAMI-Blog/October-2017/Understanding-Dual-Diagnosis">National Alliance on Mental Illness</a> (NAMI) reports that about half of all drug abusers also suffer from mental illness, which can also affect duration and treatment methods during the stay at a heroin detox program as well as throughout substance abuse recovery.</p><p class="faded">Emotional withdrawal symptoms related to heroin, such as depression and anxiety, may be more prevalent in someone who also has a history of mental illness or an underlying mood disorder. When heroin stops being active in the bloodstream, individuals may notice a dip in dopamine levels, which can result in a “crash” of emotions. Not only do vital signs and anxiety levels spike, normal things that used to induce pleasure no longer bring the same joy. Being in a supportive and calming environment during the peak of these symptoms can help someone get through the process more easily.</p><p class="faded"></p><h2 class="faded">Heroin Withdrawal and Suboxone</h2><p class="faded">As a general practice, individuals who receive rehab treatment will experience medical detox and then intensive therapy treatment. Heroin and other opioids are unique in that there are prescription medications available to assist with both withdrawal and abstinence maintenance. In the case of heroin, a person in recovery may be treated with <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/suboxone" data-mce-href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/suboxone">buprenorphine</a> (Suboxone), <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/methadone-addiction" data-mce-href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/methadone-addiction">methadone</a>, or <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/addiction-medications/naltrexone" data-mce-href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/addiction-medications/naltrexone">naltrexone</a>. Each medication can have different introduction times but all will require either an in-clinic visit or a prescription for at-home use. This particular discussion focuses on heroin withdrawal and Suboxone.</p><p class="not-faded"><br>As <a href="http://psychcentral.com/lib/how-is-suboxone-treatment-different-than-drug-abuse/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-mce-href="http://psychcentral.com/lib/how-is-suboxone-treatment-different-than-drug-abuse/">PsychCentral</a> discusses, the U.S. Food and Drug administration approved buprenorphine for the use of opioid withdrawal and as a maintenance therapy. In terms of the withdrawal process, these medications are regarded for their ability to inhibit symptoms, including cravings. In this way, buprenorphine serves as a relapse prevention measure. Further, when used as a form of abstinence maintenance therapy, buprenorphine has a lower probability for abuse compared to methadone. Some studies report one-year sobriety rates for those on buprenorphine to be between 40 and 60 percent.</p><p class="faded">But buprenorphine, particularly Suboxone, is also sometimes used for a separate purpose than its intended use. Some heroin abusers purchase Suboxone on the street to use recreationally. These individuals use Suboxone to stave off painful or uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms in between heroin uses. The Suboxone often comes from individuals who have lawful prescriptions and choose to sell the pills. Some individuals who use Suboxone between heroin doses may do so as a way of “chipping,”which is slang for using heroin recreationally without becoming clinically addicted. Chipping, by way of Suboxone use or not, is a highly dangerous behavior and can lead to physical dependence and then addiction.</p><p class="faded"></p><h2 class="faded">Heroin Dependency Treatment</h2><figure class="c-media"><div><img class="c-media__img" alt="getting treatment fore heroin dependency " data-src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/doctor.jpg"></div></figure><p class="faded">Methadone has long been used for the treatment of heroin addiction. It is a long-acting opioid that is substituted for the shorter-acting drug.</p><p class="faded"><a href="/methadone-addiction/how-long-in-system/" data-mce-href="../../../../methadone-addiction/how-long-in-system/">Methadone stays active in the bloodstream for an entire day in most cases</a>. Methadone works to reduce heroin withdrawal by activating the opioid receptors in much the same way as the drug itself, although with less of the extreme and rapid onset of euphoria that heroin produces.</p><p class="faded">Methadone is federally regulated and usually given out as a pill once a day. Methadone doses can be gradually tapered down over time. Methadone does still have the potential for creating dependency on it as well, especially if it is abused and taken in higher than intended doses. Other options and medications may be preferable for many individuals.</p><p class="faded">Another product that is also a partial opioid agonist and long-acting opioid is buprenorphine. Buprenorphine has the added bonus over methadone of reaching a plateau after a certain amount is taken, thereby reducing its abuse potential. Naloxone may also be added to buprenorphine products to keep users from wanting to take more heroin for fear of the onset of withdrawal symptoms when the drug is injected. Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist that blocks opioid receptors and can be used for the long-term maintenance of heroin abstinence.</p><p class="faded">Individuals should be very clear with their drug use history and disclose the correct information about the last dose in order to avoid precipitated withdrawal during detox. If someone takes an active opioid antagonist drug while an opioid agonist, such as heroin, is still in the bloodstream, withdrawal symptoms may be more dangerous and may start suddenly, which is called precipitated withdrawal.</p><p class="faded">This can be avoided by a drug assessment done upon entering detox. Medical detox can provide a controlled environment that can help prevent any other drug abuse as well.</p><blockquote class="c-quote "><div><p class="faded">Medical detox functions optimally as a part of a comprehensive opioid dependency treatment program that will also include further support and services.</p></div></blockquote><p class="faded"></p><div>About Drug and Alcohol Detox</div><ul><li class="faded"><a href="/drug-detox" data-mce-href="../../../../drug-detox">Drug Detoxification Info</a></li><li class="faded"><a href="/drug-detox/cost" data-mce-href="../../../../drug-detox/cost">What Are the Cost?</a></li><li class="faded"><a href="/drug-detox/dangers-of-rapid-detox" data-mce-href="../../../../drug-detox/dangers-of-rapid-detox">Issues of Rapid Detox</a></li></ul><p class="faded"></p>

Heroin Withdrawal, Symptoms, Detox, and Treatment

[content-overview]Rates of substance abuse and addiction are higher among people on the LGBTQ spectrum than in other sectors of society. Thankfully, there are a number of facilities that offer services that are customized to meet the very special challenges
people in this demographic face as they attempt to get sober. The best ones offer assistance with issues of abuse, trauma,
stigmatization, violence, and harassment. They also connect people with peers who can understand them intimately.[/content-overview]

For years now, it has been increasingly acknowledged that the incidence of substance abuse and addiction is higher among
people who self-identify as homosexual, bisexual, transgendered, or somewhere else on the gender or sexuality spectrum
(LGBTQ).

This is confirmed by research reviews, such as one included in the journal
<a href="http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/2011-25205-001/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Psychology of Addictive Behaviors</a>, that highlight research demonstrating that LGBTQ persons are at higher risk of alcohol
and drug abuse than the general population.

The issues that stem from this can be compounded by the fact that members of
the LGBTQ community have historically had challenges in getting the healthcare they need without judgment or bias, including
in the area of substance abuse and addiction treatment. However, over the course of the last few decades, there has been
a shift in perceptions and attitudes toward people who identify as LGBTQ, which have made it easier to get the health treatment
they need.
<a href="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Rehab-Guide-LGBT@2x.png"><img class="wp-image-56680 aligncenter" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Rehab-Guide-LGBT@2x.png" alt="LGBTQ persons are 4 times more likely to struggle with substance abuse" width="418" height="399" /></a>

Because of this, the landscape of LGBTQ-friendly addiction treatment centers has changed throughout the US, with more
facilities offering programs specifically to help gay, lesbian, and transgendered individuals recover from addiction and
manage the specific issues that contribute to this higher prevalence of addiction. Still, some of these programs don’t necessarily
escape bias –
<a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/transgender/">especially in the case of transgendered individuals</a> – and sometimes it’s hard for those who identify as LGBTQ to find
treatment that truly meets their needs without being confronted with negative prejudice.

[quote]By knowing what to look for, LGBTQ individuals can find the right treatment center to get them on the path to recovery.[/quote]
<h2>Discrimination and Addiction in the LGBTQ Community</h2>
People who identify as LGBTQ have historically experienced extensive discrimination throughout their lives, both in their
personal relationships and in the public sphere. A study published in the <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2937001/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">American Journal of Public Health</a> shows the toll of this constant bias: LGBTQ persons who have experienced multiple
forms of discrimination are four times more likely to develop some type of substance abuse disorder. Some of the contributing
factors can include:
<ul>
 	<li>Exclusion from social groups and activities.</li>
 	<li>Physical abuse by family members or partners.</li>
 	<li>Rejection by family of origin or by spiritual community.</li>
 	<li>Job loss, loss of child custody, or other public discrimination.</li>
 	<li>Violence based on sexual orientation or gender identification.</li>
 	<li>Peer ridicule and rejection for <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/lgbtqiapk-addiction/drug-abuse-in-the-lgbtq-teen-community">LGBTQ youth.</a></li>
 	<li>Sexuality discrimination combined with other forms of discrimination, such as gender, race, religion, etc.</li>
</ul>
An LGBTQ person struggling with addiction may have experienced multiple incidences of these or other factors; in other cases,
it may just be the fear of these occurring that could contribute to the person developing an addiction disorder.

[quote]Because the stigma against the LGBTQ community is part of what contributes to the higher prevalence of substance abuse, it is easy to see that treatment is not likely to be successful if it perpetuates the discrimination or misunderstanding of these individuals[/quote]
<h2>Addiction Rehab Options</h2>
<img class="size-medium wp-image-35679 alignright" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/calling-for-treatment-300x200.jpg" alt="calling-for-treatment" width="300" height="200" />

Recognizing these issues can be especially important for residential treatment; something as simple as making sure transgendered individuals are housed with their self-identified gender can make an important difference in the result of their treatment. Also, being aware of the particular needs of gay men as compared to those of lesbian women, or the different needs of bisexual individuals or LGBTQ youth, can make a difference in the ability to provide treatment that can lead to long-term recovery.

Approaches such as these have been outlined in a manual for treatment providers by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; this manual, <a href="https://store.samhsa.gov/product/A-Provider-s-Introduction-to-Substance-Abuse-Treatment-for-Lesbian-Gay-Bisexual-and-Transgender-Individuals/SMA12-4104" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A Provider’s Introduction to Substance Abuse Treatment for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Individuals</a>, can help treatment providers become aware of the particular needs of the LGBTQ community when it comes to rehab, to better create programs that are truly beneficial to this demographic. In fact, these guidelines were adopted and augmented by the Association of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender Addiction Professionals and Their Allies, an organization that provides resources and advocacy for LGBTQ persons struggling with addiction.

<iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/gZ-xxSKFarY" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>
<h2>Meeting the Particular Needs of LGBTQ Populations</h2>
A treatment center that is LGBTQ-friendly will recognize the above factors and implement the concepts in their practices. Through doing so, these treatment centers may develop more effective protocols to address several LGBTQ-specific issues, including the following reported in a research review on LGBTQ substance abuse by the <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;rct=j&amp;q=&amp;esrc=s&amp;source=web&amp;cd=1&amp;cad=rja&amp;uact=8&amp;ved=0CCEQFjAAahUKEwjVwvuB0tvIAhUUWGMKHfbLBQs&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hazelden.org%2Fweb%2Fpublic%2Fdocument%2Fbcrup_lgbtq.pdf&amp;usg=AFQjCNFeZ3BvhJyHFb1HR4OGWRPBDXdY9A&amp;sig2=lPrK9E3JTfpYkzotEaepjg" target="_blank ">Butler Center for Research</a>:
<ul>
 	<li>The higher incidence of marijuana and illicit drug abuse and addiction for gay men</li>
 	<li>The prevalence of <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/lgbtqiapk-addiction/alcohol-addiction-and-abuse-lgbtq-community">alcohol addiction and binge drinking for lesbian women</a></li>
 	<li>The isolation that bisexual individuals may feel from both heterosexual and homosexual communities</li>
 	<li>The mistrust of healthcare providers that can run high in the transgendered community</li>
 	<li>How to manage the use of hormonal treatments during rehab therapies</li>
 	<li>The emotional and physical challenges faced by younger people who identify as LGBTQ</li>
</ul>
These are just some of the practical needs that are important for a treatment center to be aware of in treating individuals who identify as LGBTQ, and what those who are seeking treatment may look for in a rehab program.
<h2>Finding LGBTQ-Friendly Treatment Centers</h2>
<img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-35682 " src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesbian-Sweethearts-300x200.jpg" alt="Lesbian-Sweethearts " width="300 " height="200 " />

Because of the growing understanding of LGBTQ issues with drug and alcohol abuse and addiction, many treatment centers are asserting their ability to provide treatment that caters to the specific needs of this population. However, some of these programs may have underlying biases that somewhat counteract their good intentions. The challenge then becomes finding a facility that truly meets the needs of the individual seeking help with their addiction.

Addiction treatment experts recognize that the treatments more likely to result in long-term recovery for all populations include medically supported detox and rehab, along with therapeutic methods and support mechanisms to help individuals learn to manage their recovery in the months and years following rehab.

For LGBTQ individuals seeking treatment, as well as their loved ones, this first priority is balanced with the need to make sure that the program they enter is not only understanding of their particular personal, social, and psychological challenges, but also provides the support needed to help overcome other specific issues they may deal with during and after rehab, such as:
<ul>
 	<li>Managing responses to discrimination from others.</li>
 	<li>Dealing with depression, anxiety, and guilt that stem from sexual orientation or gender identity.</li>
 	<li>Handling peer pressure and the club scene.</li>
 	<li>Guidelines for accepting identity and coming out.</li>
</ul>
For residential rehab in particular, as referenced above, it’s important to ask whether transgendered individuals will be placed with their self-identified gender. Being forced to reside with their birth gender may perpetuate the stigma, and resultant mental and emotional struggles, that contributed to the substance abuse to begin with. Making sure that individuals are given respect and understanding of their identity is important to their paths to recovery.

Because of the potential for a dual diagnosis – <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/lgbtqiapk-addiction/lgbtq-drug-addiction-substance-abuse">LGBTQ persons who have substance abuse issues</a> are often also dealing with issues of depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues – it can be helpful to make sure the treatment program can simultaneously treat these other issues as well as the substance abuse and addiction issue. This can help ensure that individuals have all the tools they need to manage their recovery after rehab.

As emphasized by the <a href="https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-addiction-treatment-research-based-guide-third-edition/principles-effective-treatment" target="_blank ">National Institute on Drug Abuse</a>, the drug or alcohol rehab program most likely to help an individual achieve long-term recovery is one that is tailored or customized based on that individual’s specific needs.

For that reason, it is essential that a person who identifies as LGBTQ, and who is ready to enter substance abuse treatment, finds a program with experience treating those in the LGBTQ community.

Looking at the Landscape of LGBT and Gay-Friendly Rehabs

[content-overview]
<a href="http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/oxycodone.asp" target="_blank" rel="noopener">OxyContin</a> is a strong prescription painkiller derived from oxycodone, and specifically formulated to release pain medication into the body over a period of up to 12 hours.[/content-overview]

<img class="alignright size-medium wp-image-30738" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Pills-69723832-300x200.jpg" alt="Pills" width="300" height="200" />

This medication was formulated to help patients with severe, long-lasting pain. The Food and Drug Administration recently specified that strong painkillers like OxyContin should only be used for severe, chronic pain from conditions like arthritis and cancer. Prescription doses for OxyContin range from as little as 10 mg to as much as 80 mg. The benefit of the medication, for people who suffer otherwise unmanageable chronic pain, is that the pain relief lasts consistently for several hours, making it easier for these individuals to participate in daily activities. This also means that these individuals do not have to take pain medication every 4-6 hours and can focus on having a normal daily routine.

The time-release aspect of OxyContin, along with restrictions on prescribing practices, make the drug a bit less of a target for addiction, compared to easily accessed painkillers like Percocet or Vicodin. However, <a href="https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/news/20010726/fda-issues-new-warnings-on-painkiller-oxycontin#1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">many people still become addicted to OxyContin</a>, often for the euphoric effects that can be experienced from a high dose of opioid pain medication. Some people struggling with addiction try to find ways to bypass the time-release aspect of the medication, while others simply take excessive doses of the drug for a long-lasting high.

[button-color link='/insurance-coverage']Learn more about insurance coverage and verify your insurance with AAC[/button-color]

These dangerous abuses put these people at extremely high risk of overdose and death. Worse, when people develop a tolerance for strong prescription pain medications like OxyContin, they can experience withdrawal symptoms more quickly when the drug leaves the body, and they may feel the need to take dangerous amounts of the medication to feel “normal.”Although people who have chronic pain conditions may build a tolerance to OxyContin, this does not mean they are addicted to the drug.

These individuals should speak with their doctors about how they can best treat their pain. <a href="http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/DrugSafety/InformationbyDrugClass/UCM367697.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Current prescribing practices</a> recommend that medical professionals ask their patients about any history of drug addiction or abuse, or any history in their family, before prescribing the medication. OxyContin is designed only for those who have ongoing pain and need long-term pain management.
<h2>OxyContin Withdrawal Symptoms</h2>
OxyContin withdrawal symptoms are similar to those of other opioid pain medications, but can be more severe depending on how the drug was abused and how large the dose was. Especially with a strong medication like OxyContin, the potential for addiction and subsequent withdrawal symptoms is very high.

There are typically <a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000949.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">two phases of OxyContin withdrawal</a>, and the symptoms of withdrawal can be acute for 1-2 weeks after the individual stops taking the drug. Early OxyContin withdrawal symptoms include:
<ul>
 	<li>Mood changes, like anxiety, irritation, restlessness, or agitation</li>
 	<li>Sleep changes like insomnia</li>
 	<li>Physical changes, like muscle aches and cramps, or yawning</li>
 	<li>Symptoms similar to a cold or flu, like a runny nose, sweating, chills, fever, and congestion</li>
</ul>
Later symptoms of OxyContin withdrawal include:
<ul>
 	<li>Nausea and vomiting</li>
 	<li>Diarrhea</li>
 	<li>Abdominal cramps</li>
 	<li>Reduced appetite</li>
 	<li>Dilated pupils</li>
 	<li>Blurry vision</li>
 	<li>Shivering or goosebumps</li>
 	<li>Rapid heartbeat</li>
 	<li>High blood pressure</li>
</ul>
[quote]Although OxyContin withdrawal can feel terrible, it is not often life-threatening. However, due to the high likelihood of relapse during opiate detox, medical detox is recommended.[/quote]

<a href="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Understanding-OxyContin-Withdrawal-Symptoms-and-Timeline-vFinal.png"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-56495" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Understanding-OxyContin-Withdrawal-Symptoms-and-Timeline-vFinal.png" alt="OxyContin withdrawal symptoms and timeline during detox" width="700" height="2133" /></a>

[callout title="More on Withdrawal &amp; Timelines"]
<ul>
 	<li><a href="/dilaudid-abuse/how-long-is-withdrawal">Dilaudid</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/heroin-treatment/withdrawal-symptoms">Heroin</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/methadone-addiction/as-short-term-detox">Methadone</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/morphine-treatment/timelines-symptoms">Morphine</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/opana-treatment/detox-timeline">Opana</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/suboxone/withdrawal">Suboxone</a></li>
</ul>
[/callout]
<h2>OxyContin Withdrawal Timeline</h2>
Because OxyContin comes in an extended-release format, if taken in pill form, the medication will not begin to wear off for 12-24 hours after the last dose. However, oxycodone has a half-life of four hours, so if the medication is abused in ways that bypass the time-release aspect, withdrawal can start within 4-8 hours after the last dose. Later symptoms typically start 24 hours after the early symptoms. The first full day of OxyContin withdrawal may manifest as severe flu for many individuals, but the second day shows more typical withdrawal symptoms. As with other opioid medications, OxyContin withdrawal can take 1-2 weeks. The most acute symptoms usually begin to clear up after three days, but for some people, withdrawal can continue for two weeks or more. Some individuals who suffer from severe addictions can <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/withdrawal-timelines-treatments/dangers/">experience psychological withdrawal symptoms for months after ending OxyContin use.</a>

Duration of withdrawal <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851054/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">depends on many individual factors</a>, including the strength of the OxyContin dose, whether it was extended release or not, whether the individual found illegal ways to bypass the time-release formulas in the medication, how long the individual took OxyContin, environmental stresses, and biological or genetic factors that can contribute to addiction.

[callout title="Medications to Ease Withdrawal Symptoms"]
<img src="/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/white-pills-43854715-300x200.jpg" alt="white pills" width="300" height="200" align="right" />

<strong>When a person wants to end an addiction to opioid medications, such as OxyContin, it is important to know what options are in place to help ease the transition.</strong> Many individuals can benefit from inpatient detox and rehabilitation, because this removes them from the environmental stress that might trigger addictive behaviors or self-medication.

There are medications that can ease OxyContin withdrawal symptoms. Some medical professionals may <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/methadone-addiction">prescribe doses of methadone</a> or buprenorphine to alleviate withdrawal symptoms.

<strong>In some instances, tapered doses are given rather than forcing the individual to quit “cold turkey.”</strong>

Psychiatric medications to treat depression or anxiety may be used in some instances, to ease the psychological ramifications associated withdrawal. A commonly prescribed medication to ease opioid withdrawal is <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1862300/pdf/canmedaj01379-0071.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">clonidine</a>, which addresses some of the most acute symptoms like sweating, cold- or flu-like symptoms, muscle cramps and aches, agitation, and anxiety.

<a href="http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/drug-overdose-naloxone" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Naloxone</a> has not been recommended as a primary treatment for OxyContin or other opioid withdrawal, but medical researchers are investigating the possibility. This medication binds to opioid receptors in the brain faster than opioid medications do, and right now, this drug is used by emergency responders in several states in the US to stop overdose symptoms long enough for the individual to be taken to the hospital. Naloxone leaves the body faster than opioid drugs, however, so overdose symptoms do not end but are instead halted. Medical research is being conducted on how naloxone could be applied to withdrawal or addiction treatment, but no guidelines have been approved yet.
[/callout]

[callout title="About Drug and Alcohol Detox"]
<ul>
 	<li><a href="/drug-detox/is-it-necessary">Is It Necessary?</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/outpatient-treatment/detox">Outpatient Detox</a></li>
</ul>
[/callout]

Understanding OxyContin Withdrawal Symptoms & Timeline

[content-overview]

The misuse of oxycodone, a generic opioid prescription pain reliever, can quickly lead to addiction. There is a host of physical, psychological, and behavioral signs and symptoms of oxycodone addiction, such as:[/content-overview]
<ul>
 	<li>Itching</li>
 	<li>Constipation</li>
 	<li>Dry mouth</li>
 	<li>Hallucinations</li>
 	<li>Abnormal thoughts</li>
 	<li>Dilated pupils (during withdrawal)</li>
 	<li>Diarrhea (during withdrawal)</li>
 	<li>Poor grooming or lack of hygiene</li>
 	<li>Becoming secretive about one’s whereabouts</li>
 	<li>Being in possession of multiple prescription bottles from different doctors and pharmacies</li>
 	<li>Drugged driving</li>
</ul>
<strong>One of the most basic aspects of pharmacology is that a generic drug, such as oxycodone, can be a key ingredient in numerous branded drugs, such as OxyContin.</strong>

Typically, a generic drug and a branded drug do not have names that are so closely related; hence, there may be confusion between oxycodone and OxyContin. Other branded drugs that include oxycodone are Vicodin, Percodan, and Percocet. This article refers specifically to oxycodone.

[callout position="right"]
It is necessary to highlight the distinction between <em>symptoms</em> and <em>signs</em>. A person who uses Oxycodone will experience symptoms, such as euphoria. An onlooker would see a sign, such as a person nodding off. In short, symptoms lead to signs. A concerned person may not be able to detect signs when a person who is abusing oxycodone is hiding symptoms. However, as a general matter, the more people engage in oxycodone abuse, the less able they will be to suppress the signs.
[/callout]

Oxycodone is a narcotic pain reliever (an analgesic) that is used to treat moderate to severe pain in people with a host of conditions, episodic and ongoing (for example, post-operation or to help cancer patients). Oxycodone is chemically designed to replicate the structure of morphine (an opiate), and it classified as an opioid (because it is synthetic). Oxycodone, like all narcotics (e.g., heroin, morphine, fentanyl, and all prescription opioid pain relievers) has an acutely high addiction profile. These drugs have psychoactive effects if more than a medically necessary amount is used. No one is immune from developing an addiction to oxycodone.


<h2>Physical and Psychological Signs and Symptoms</h2>
<a href="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/shutterstock_303416633.jpg"><img class="wp-image-55300 size-medium alignleft" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/shutterstock_303416633-300x207.jpg" alt="Woman with depersonalization disorder putting head in hand" width="300" height="207" /></a>

The term <em>addiction</em> is deeply entrenched in the public domain; however, this term is no longer considered to be clinically accurate. Rather, the <em>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5<sup>th</sup> edition</em>, uses the term <a href="http://www.dsm5.org/documents/substance%20use%20disorder%20fact%20sheet.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>substance use disorder</em></a>, and even more specifically <em>opioid use disorder</em> (which is where oxycodone abuse would fall). In order for a person to receive a diagnosis of an opioid use disorder, at least of a possible 11 symptoms must be present within the same 12-month period of time. The severity of a use disorder is spread across a continuum, from mild to moderate to severe. The more symptoms that are present, the more severe the grade. In a sense, then, what the lay public refers to as <em>addiction</em> is probably in the range of six or more symptoms.

[callout]
The 11 symptoms cover physical, psychological, and behaviors factors. The following are paraphrased descriptions of each of the 11 symptoms of an <a href="http://pcssmat.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/5B-DSM-5-Opioid-Use-Disorder-Diagnostic-Criteria.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">opioid use disorder</a>, as applied to oxycodone:
<ul>
 	<li>When the individual first started to take oxycodone, an abuse intention was not present but still the individual started to consume too much of this drug or take it too often.</li>
 	<li>The individual wants to cease using hydrocodone, or at least cut back, but is not able to do so.</li>
 	<li>A significant portion of the individual’s life is dedicated to getting oxycodone, using it, and/or recovering from its effects.</li>
 	<li>The individual has urges or cravings for oxycodone.</li>
 	<li>As a direct result of the oxycodone use, the individual cannot adequately fulfill obligations tied to home life, work, school, or recreational activities, such as playing on a sports team.</li>
 	<li>The individual continues to use oxycodone even though there are negative outcomes on one’s relationships.</li>
 	<li>Despite the fact that the oxycodone use is putting the individual in dangerous situations, such as driving while drugged, the use continues.</li>
 	<li>Even though the oxycodone use is causing or worsening psychological or physical issues, the use continues.</li>
 	<li>The individual develops a tolerance to oxycodone (discussed below).</li>
 	<li>When the individual reduces their regular level of oxycodone intake, or stops using it completely, withdrawal symptoms emerge (discussed below).</li>
</ul>
[/callout]

<a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/oxycodone/side-effects/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Side effects are essentially symptoms of use</a>. Side effects do not necessarily reflect the addiction experience. When a person has an opioid use disorder, the higher amount of opioids consumed means that the side effects can be more extreme. For example, if a side effect for a prescribed user is nausea, a person who takes too much oxycodone may vomit. Still, it is helpful to understand the side effects reported for OxyContin (which again, includes oxycodone) as they provide an indication of what a person who abuses this drug might experience (but again, possibly in a more severe way).

<a href="http://www.rxlist.com/oxycontin-side-effects-drug-center.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Side effects</a> include but are not limited to:
<ul>
 	<li>Itching</li>
 	<li>Sweating</li>
 	<li>Loss of appetite</li>
 	<li>Constipation</li>
 	<li>Nausea</li>
 	<li>Vomiting</li>
 	<li>Dry mouth</li>
 	<li>Headache</li>
 	<li>Fatigue</li>
</ul>
Some individuals who abuse oxycodone may risk seizures or respiratory depression. In clinical trials, 1-5 percent of participants experienced psychiatric problems. Although it’s only a small percentage, and the study did not focus on abuse, it is helpful to know the true range of possibilities. Other effects of abuse include:
<ul>
 	<li>Abnormal thoughts</li>
 	<li>Confusion</li>
 	<li>Anxiety</li>
 	<li>Abnormal dreams</li>
 	<li>Insomnia</li>
 	<li><a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/treating-depression-substance-abuse/">Depression</a></li>
 	<li>Agitation</li>
 	<li>Depersonalization</li>
 	<li>Hallucinations</li>
</ul>
Individuals who abuse oxycodone face an acute risk of overdose, which can prove fatal. The following is a partial list of possible <a href="http://www.healthline.com/health/hydrocodone-oxycodone-overdose#Symptoms5" target="_blank" rel="noopener">overdose symptoms</a>:
<ul>
 	<li>Extreme fatigue</li>
 	<li>Shallow breathing</li>
 	<li>Small pupils</li>
 	<li>Vomiting</li>
 	<li>Unconsciousness</li>
</ul>
It may seem obvious, but it bears discussing that addiction is always a possible side effect of oxycodone abuse. When a person uses a habit-forming drug, the body responds by building a tolerance. As a result, a person must use an increasing amount of the drug, such as oxycodone, in order to achieve the familiar, desired high. As steady use continues, dependence develops.

When a person stops using oxycodone or significantly reduces the familiar dosage, withdrawal symptoms will emerge. Depending on different factors, including the person’s duration and volume of abuse of oxycodone, withdrawal symptoms can emerge as soon as six hours or as long as 30 hours after last use. Symptoms may change over the course of the withdrawal process, but potential <a href="http://alcoholism.about.com/od/oxy/a/Oxycontin-Withdrawal-Symptoms.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">withdrawal symptoms</a> include:
<ul>
 	<li>Muscle aches</li>
 	<li>Yawning</li>
 	<li>Nausea</li>
 	<li>Tearing</li>
 	<li>Agitation</li>
 	<li>Dilated pupils</li>
 	<li>Abdominal cramping</li>
 	<li>Sweating</li>
 	<li><a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/anxiety-and-addiction/">Anxiety</a></li>
 	<li>Insomnia</li>
 	<li>Goosebumps</li>
 	<li>Diarrhea</li>
 	<li>Runny nose</li>
 	<li>Vomiting</li>
</ul>
It is critical to note that opioid withdrawal can be particularly hazardous due to complications from withdrawal symptoms, such as dehydration from diarrhea and vomiting. For this reason, there is a strong advisement that individuals seek the help of a medical detox center or a drug rehab center with a detox program.

In addition to the immediate health hazards, the severity of withdrawal symptoms can motivate a person to relapse. Oftentimes, individuals will relapse during withdrawal in an effort to make the discomfort of the symptoms go away.

<a href="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Understanding-OxyContin-Withdrawal-Symptoms-and-Timeline-vFinal.png"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-56495" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Understanding-OxyContin-Withdrawal-Symptoms-and-Timeline-vFinal.png" alt="OxyContin withdrawal symptoms and timeline during detox" width="700" height="2133" /></a>

[callout title="Signs &amp; Symptoms of Drug Abuse"]
<ul>
 	<li><a href="/alcoholism-treatment/symptoms-and-signs">Alcohol</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/benzodiazepine/symptoms-and-signs">Benzodiazepines</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/fentanyl-treatment/signs-of-abuse">Fentanyl</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/heroin-treatment/signs">Heroin</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/hydrocodone-treatment/signs-of-abuse">Hydrocodone</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/oxycodone/signs-of-abuse">Oxycodone</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/suboxone/addiction-symptoms">Suboxone</a></li>
 	<li><a href="/adult-addiction-treatment-programs/signs">Spotting Addiction</a></li>
</ul>
[/callout]
<h2>Behavioral Signs and Symptoms of Oxycodone Abuse</h2>
The behavioral signs of addiction depend on a range of factors, such as a person’s living arrangements, finances, assets, and the severity of the addiction. CBS News, in an effort to educate the American public in the midst of an opioid pill epidemic, provides the following <a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/media/five-signs-a-loved-one-is-abusing-painkillers/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">five signs of painkiller abuse</a>:
<ol>
 	<li><em>Fatigue</em>: The affected individual appears tired or drowsy as part of an ongoing pattern and outside of normal sleep or nap times.</li>
 	<li><em>Inability to perform to familiar standards</em>: Drug abuse disrupts a person’s cognitive functioning and makes it more difficult to concentrate. As a result, the individual may not be able to meet the requirements of home life, work, or school. The individual may miss work, not show up, leave early, or demonstrate a real drop in performance level.</li>
 	<li><em>Lifestyle and personality changes</em>: As a result of the drug abuse, the individual may have a difficult time maintaining family relationships and friendships. The individual may withdraw from once enjoyable activities, such as sports and other social activities. Social isolation can ensue, but at the same time, the individual may hang out with new people to do drugs.</li>
 	<li><em>Appearance changes</em>: In addition to showing signs like drowsiness, the individual may become lax in personal care routines. As a result, a person may look uncharacteristically disheveled, wear dirty clothes, and stop buying or using grooming products.</li>
 	<li><em>Being secretive</em>: Individuals who abuse oxycodone often end up living a double life of sorts. Since it’s an illegal activity, individuals who abuse oxycodone may strictly guard their use, and use code names or unfamiliar sounding terms to reference drug use. <a href="http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/pubs/oxy.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Street names for oxycodone</a> include <em>oxy, oxycottons, oxy 80s, kickers, blue, killers</em>, and <em>hillbilly heroin</em>.</li>
</ol>
There are different <a href="http://www.livestrong.com/article/172269-different-ways-that-adolescents-take-oxycodone/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">methods of abuse of oxycodone</a> that can bear on the type of <a href="https://www.getsmartaboutdrugs.com/content/how-identify-drug-paraphernalia" target="_blank" rel="noopener">paraphernalia</a> that may be hidden in the individual’s living environment.

[quote]Oxycodone can be consumed orally in pill format, injected, taken rectally (similar to an enema), or smoked.[/quote]

If an individual abuses oxycodone pills by swallowing them, one tipoff would be that there is no paraphernalia around. There may, however, be prescription pill bottles from different doctors and pharmacies, with dates within an overlapping time period. Individuals who abuse oxycodone can get it on the street, or from people who sell their prescriptions, but they may also doctor shop (i.e., going from doctor to doctor to obtain more than one prescription for oxycodone, all the while trying to avoid detection).
[callout]
Among people who smoke oxycodone, at a minimum, it is necessary to have a mortar and pestle-type crushing instrument, a pipe or pipe-like object to inhale the smoke, and a heat source, such as a lighter. Often, individuals use little slips of aluminum to heat up the oxycodone. These aluminum pieces may be rolled up and strewn about or thrown out. If unfolded, they will show burn streaks.
[/callout]
If a person is injecting oxycodone, accompanying paraphernalia would include a syringe, an instrument of some sort to cook the oxycodone in, a heat source, and a rope or belt (to tie to the arm and make it easier to find a vein). For rectal administration, the individual will need an enema or suppository, or something of that nature. The high from rectal administration is reportedly no greater than taking pills orally, but this method can help individuals to avoid unwanted gastrointestinal side effects


<h2>A Future in Recovery</h2>

<img class="alignright size-medium wp-image-36223" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/intake_process-300x181.jpg" alt="treatment" width="300" height="181" />

Countless individuals have overcome addiction to oxycodone and other prescription opioids. In fact, there are special treatments, particularly medication-assisted treatments, that are designed to address opioid addiction. Compared to other drugs of abuse, there have been particularly significant strides made in the field of narcotics addiction treatment. Pharmacological treatment is not enough on its own; <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/therapy-treatment/">it must be combined with therapy and support to ensure lifelong recovery.</a>

Oxycodone Addiction: Symptoms and Signs of Abuse

<strong>When a person struggles with drug or alcohol abuse, they are likely to struggle with mental health issues and physical problems, both short-term and chronic issues.</strong>

They are also likely to cause suffering for their loved ones, including spouses, <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/alcoholism-treatment/alcoholic-father/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">parents</a>, children, friends, and other family.

For those who love someone who is struggling with alcohol or drug abuse, it is important to know the signs of substance abuse problems and how to best help the person in need. In addition, it is important that family members and friends take care of themselves as well.
<h2>Drug or Alcohol Abuse Symptoms</h2>
Mayo Clinic offers a comprehensive list of symptoms that may be displayed by a person struggling with drug or alcohol abuse. Many of these may be internal experiences for that individual; however, <a href="http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/drug-addiction/basics/symptoms/con-20020970" target="_blank" rel="noopener">symptoms that may be evident to others include</a>:
<ul>
 	<li>Appearing intoxicated more and more often</li>
 	<li>Developing problems with cognition and memory</li>
 	<li>Being lethargic, sleeping more, sleeping irregular hours, or appearing unwell or tired</li>
 	<li>Developing problems at work or school; possibly losing one’s job or dropping out of school</li>
 	<li>Attending social events only if drugs or alcohol are available; becoming intoxicated before the social event; or attending fewer social events specifically to drink or use drugs</li>
 	<li>Stealing money or valuables to pay for drugs</li>
 	<li>Lying about the substance or how much they are using</li>
 	<li>Becoming angry, sad, or lashing out when questioned about their substance abuse</li>
 	<li>Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when they are unable to take the drug</li>
 	<li>Neglected appearance and poor hygiene</li>
</ul>
People who struggle with substance abuse problems are likely to behave differently when they are intoxicated versus when they are sober; they may say or do hurtful things, and they are likely to take serious risks with their life, such as driving while intoxicated. These behavioral problems can cause intense worry and fear in loved ones.
<div class="panel-block bg-dkblue pad-all text-white">
<h2>Control vs. Influence</h2>
<div class="row">
<div class="small-6 large-6 columns">

Those who l<a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/how-to-talk-to-a-loved-one-about-their-addiction">ove a person struggling with addiction</a> may, at some point, try to force the person to get help. Even if the person agrees, they may fail in their attempt to overcome the addiction. Addiction is not a choice that an individual can control; it is a compulsion, so they are <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/alcoholism-treatment/spouse/">unable to stop consuming drugs or alcohol without help. </a>
<div>
<p class="text-white text-smd uppercase">The risk/reward center of their brain has been rewired with repeated reinforcement of these cravings.</p>

</div>
Blaming them or trying to protect them from consequences will not help a person struggling with addiction; <a href="https://blogs.psychcentral.com/addiction-recovery/2014/05/why-drug-addicts-will-always-choose-drugs-over-love/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">this is because neither the person, nor their loved ones, has control.</a>

</div>
<div class="small-6 large-6 columns">
<div class="panel-block bg-white2 pad-all">Loved ones do hold a great deal of influence in the life of a <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/Alicia-cook/what-you-learn-from-lovin_b_8112240.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">person struggling with drugs or alcohol</a>. Gathering a group of loved ones together to stage an intervention – as long as it is thoroughly planned and focused on helping the addict – can be a way to show love and support while also setting boundaries around addictive behaviors. Even just sitting the person down and talking to them about concerns in a calm, clear, and concise way can have an influence. Repeatedly offering help in the form of social support, information on drug rehabilitation programs, and other methods to get healthy and sober may prompt the person to accept help.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2>Ending Codependency</h2>
People who are close to a person struggling with addiction, especially spouses, intimate partners, and children, may find they are in a codependent relationship. <a href="https://blogs.psychcentral.com/addiction-recovery/2012/09/5-warning-signs-codependency/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Codependency</a> involves a desire to help the person and show love, but often, this “help” fosters the addiction, and this is damaging on a long-term basis. Signs of codependency include:
<ol>
 	<li><em>Taking responsibility for the addict</em>: People in a codependent relationship often feel a heightened responsibility for the decisions, behaviors, and thoughts of their loved one. They may feel a need to ensure their loved one is happy, even to the point of making themselves unhappy. They feel like they must protect their loved one, perhaps by driving them to and from the bar to avoid a DUI or by calling their boss when they are too hungover to make it to work and making excuses for them.</li>
 	<li><em>Putting the other person’s feelings first</em><strong>:</strong> A codependent person will put their loved one’s feelings before their own needs. As a result, they often ignore their own feelings, values, and beliefs to accommodate those of their loved one. This results in self-neglect.</li>
 	<li><em>Holding onto the relationship to avoid abandonment</em><strong>:</strong> People who are in a codependent relationship fear being abandoned, rejected, and alone. Many desperately need approval, and they seek via constantly trying to please someone. When that person is addicted to drugs or alcohol, they may give the person money or shelter them when they are intoxicated in an effort to maintain the relationship.</li>
 	<li><em>Trouble talking about their feelings:</em> A person who is in a codependent relationship will often not be able to recognize their own feelings, including dissatisfaction or fear; they have a very hard talking about their needs and how those can be met. They focus on “fixing” their loved one, if that person is struggling with drug or alcohol addiction, rather than getting help for themselves.</li>
 	<li><em>Inability to set personal boundaries</em><strong>:</strong> Those with codependent tendencies are more likely to say “yes” to any request their loved one makes, including those they are not comfortable with. This makes them believe they are in charge of the situation, especially when their loved one struggles with drugs or alcohol. If they can help their loved one, they believe they are helping themselves; in reality, the opposite is true.</li>
</ol>
Even if two people enter a relationship that is not codependent, it could become codependent if one person begins to struggle with alcohol or drug addiction. Both parties should get help from therapists to overcome these emotional problems; ultimately, help is required to heal the relationship.

<a href="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/5-Myths-of-Drug-Use-vFinal.png"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-56496" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/5-Myths-of-Drug-Use-vFinal.png" alt="myths of drug use and addiction rehab" width="700" height="2973" /></a>
<h2>How to Help a Loved One Struggling with Addiction</h2>
The best ways to <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/how-to-help-an-addict-who-doesnt-want-help">help a person who is addicted to drugs or alcohol</a> may seem counterintuitive, especially for people who struggle with codependent relationships. Some of these methods may seem harsh, but they come from a loving approach with the ultimate goal to help the person overcome their addiction and to help all parties heal. <a href="http://www.everydayhealth.com/addiction/supporting-addict-who-relapsed.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Basic steps are outlined below</a>.
<ul>
 	<li>Remember that addiction is not a choice or a moral failing; it is a disease of the brain</li>
 	<li>Addiction is ultimately a condition that the individual must learn to manage; no one can take the fight on for the addict.</li>
 	<li>Set boundaries and stand by them.</li>
 	<li>Encourage the individual to seek help; this may include finding treatment resources for them.</li>
 	<li>Find a therapist who specializes in addiction counseling and get help. Loved ones of addicts need support too.</li>
 	<li>Set an example for healthy living by giving up recreational drug and alcohol use.</li>
 	<li>Be supportive, but do not cover for problems created by substance abuse. The person struggling needs to deal with the consequences of their addiction.</li>
 	<li>Be optimistic. A person struggling with drug or alcohol abuse will likely eventually seek help due to ongoing encouragement to do so. <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/what-to-do-if-loved-one-relapses">If they relapse,</a> it is not a sign of failure; relapse is often part of the overall recovery process.</li>
</ul>
<h2>In the Event of a Relapse</h2>
<img class="alignright size-medium wp-image-42331" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B_Stevens_09_16_16-9491-300x200.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="200" />When a person seeks help to overcome addiction, they are likely to succeed in time with professional help from doctors and therapists, and the support of friends and family. However, the threat of <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/where-science-meets-the-steps/201210/why-relapse-isnt-sign-failure">relapse</a> can feel like it is looming, and this can create stress for people who have just completed a rehabilitation program.

The current understanding of <a href="https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugs-brains-behavior-science-addiction/treatment-recovery">addiction as a disease</a> means that symptoms will get worse at times. For people with diabetes or asthma, treatment will work for a period of time, and then symptoms may progress. This does not mean giving up; instead, it means returning to the doctor and developing a new treatment regimen. Understanding addiction as a disease means treating relapse in exactly this way: Work to avoid it, but if it happens, return to treatment. Relapse is only a serious problem when the person who has fallen back into addiction refuses to admit the problem and refuses to get help.

When looking at treatment options, it is important to ask how the rehabilitation program handles relapse. Many programs pair new participants with sponsors who have graduated the program; these people will understand the progression of recovery and serve as a source of <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/rehab-guide/relapse-prevention/">support for the person if they are even tempted to relapse.</a>
<div>
<p class="text-dkblue text-lg">Friends and family should also be supportive if a loved one seems likely to relapse. Be there for the person without judgment and help them recommit to treatment.</p>

</div>
Loved ones can help to prevent relapse by removing intoxicating or tempting substances from the house, finding new activities to enjoy together that do not involve alcohol or drugs, setting healthy goals like eating or exercising together, and even finding a hobby to pursue together. It is important for the person overcoming addiction to change their behaviors, and it is also <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/blog/how-to-support-addicted-partner-without-enabling/">important for loved ones to support and welcome that change.</a>

Loving an Addict or Alcoholic: How to Help Them and Yourself

<h2>What Is Inpatient Drug Rehab Treatment?</h2>
Inpatient drug rehabilitation involves clients residing at a specific facility on a full-time basis.

A person entering this type of rehabilitation becomes a resident of the program and receives specific care and support 24 hours per day. They live in an assigned room, eat meals at the facility, and go to structured therapy sessions several times per day. There are often other scheduled activities, such as art therapy or fitness sessions, although these vary greatly, depending on the offerings of specific facilities and the overall length of stay.

The primary focus of inpatient drug rehab is to remove clients from their original environments, which could trigger substance abuse or could give them repeated opportunities to abuse drugs. Once they are out of those environments, their <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/blog/base-for-recovery/">focus can turn fully to recovery</a>.
<h2>How Do I Know if I Need Inpatient Rehab for Substance Abuse?</h2>
<img class="alignright size-medium wp-image-42561" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B_Stevens_8_26_16-9106-300x200.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="200" />
There are many reasons to choose inpatient rehabilitation, <a href="http://www.emedicinehealth.com/inpatient_and_outpatient_treatment_for_substance_abuse-health/article_em.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">such as</a>:
<ul>
 	<li>The person previously attended outpatient drug rehabilitation, which did not work.</li>
 	<li>The individual has <a href="http://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Mental-Health-Conditions/Related-Conditions/Dual-Diagnosis" target="_blank" rel="noopener">co-occurring disorder</a>s or has abused multiple substances simultaneously.</li>
 	<li>The person’s living situation makes it difficult to stay away from substances. For example, they may live with other addicts or in a generally unsupportive environment.</li>
 	<li>Outpatient treatment is less accessible to the individual than inpatient treatment.</li>
</ul>
[callout position="right"]There are several types of inpatient treatment available, ranging from inexpensive and short-term residential treatment to luxury programs. Since there is no one-size-fits-all approach to treatment, plans should be tailored to fit the specific needs of each client in treatment. <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/therapy-treatment/">Ensure any chosen treatment program has the ability to adjust treatment plans as needed as clients progress in recovery.</a>[/callout]

The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) recommends remaining in a drug rehabilitation program, either inpatient or outpatient, for at least <a href="https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-addiction-treatment-research-based-guide-third-edition/frequently-asked-questions/how-long-does-drug-addiction-treatment" target="_blank" rel="noopener">90 days</a>. While most insurance companies only cover one month of inpatient treatment, clients usually receive long-term follow-up care once they exit the inpatient program regardless of how long they have stayed. Many people also transition from inpatient treatment into less intensive outpatient treatment, resulting in total treatment time that exceeds 90 days.

<iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/58UlB-_0PGY?rel=0" width="100%" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>
<h2>What to Look for in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Program</h2>
<ul>
 	<li><em>Licenses and credentials</em><strong>: </strong><a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/fbci_counselor_standards.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">State licenses</a> and credentials awarded by a governing body are all measures of the quality of a specific drug or alcohol treatment program. It is important to confirm these for both outpatient and inpatient programs, although inpatient facilities typically require more state-specific licenses.While each state varies in details, most inpatient rehabilitation facilities will only receive a license to operate if they have followed the full approval process. Typical steps in this process include the following:
<ol>
 	<li>Complete and submit the application, alerting the state government to the program’s intention to open a facility. This leads to an inspection and a temporary license to complete the program.</li>
 	<li>Submit financial information to determine what type of business the rehabilitation program is, usually a for-profit or nonprofit venture.</li>
 	<li>File applications for food service permits and occupancy certificates.</li>
 	<li>Receive a fire inspection.</li>
 	<li>Receive a business license to operate in the specific state. This is especially important if the company is an out-of-state or multistate business.</li>
 	<li>Submit a list of clinical staff, with their contact information and credentials.</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
Inpatient rehabilitation programs that receive a state license to operate agree to consistent inspections over the course of the year. These inspections ensure facility safety and cleanliness.

It is also important for these groups to have licensed therapists and professionals on staff. If the inpatient treatment facility does not feature information on their website or in brochures about staff members, contact them directly to ask questions.

[callout]
There are several other governing bodies, such as the <a href="http://www.carf.org/About/WhoWeAre/'" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF International)</a>, that award accreditation when programs meet their specific compliance rules. While it is not mandatory for an inpatient rehabilitation program to file for these credentials, they mean that the program has agreed to meet additional standards of excellence in their treatment.
<ul>
 	<li><em>Experience and credentials of staff</em><strong>: </strong>Inpatient rehabilitation programs employ all kinds of people, ranging from therapists to maintenance staff, and it is important that these staff members are well-trained and skilled. The <a href="http://www.asam.org/docs/default-source/practice-support/quality-improvement/standards-of-care-final-design-document.pdf?sfvrsn=0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM)</a> provides member physicians with Standards of Care information, so they can better treat their clients, whether they are in an inpatient or outpatient program. When an inpatient treatment program employs a medical professional who is a member of ASAM, it’s an assurance that the physician will give each person in the program high-quality, evidence-based treatment.The <a href="http://www.naadac.org/code-of-ethics">National Association for Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Counselors (NAADAC)</a> requires that their members meet standards laid out in their Ethical Standards and Practices. Each state also has specific requirements for doctors and therapists who participate in substance abuse treatment. For example, <a href="http://www.caade.org/certified-addictions-treatment-counselor">the California Association of Alcohol and Drug Educators</a> lists requirements to become a Certified Addictions Treatment Counselor, while the Hawai’i State Department of Health licenses addiction counselors and provides a <a href="http://health.hawaii.gov/substance-abuse/files/2013/05/csac-codeofethics1.pdf">Code of Ethics for Certified Substance Abuse Counselors (CSAC)</a>.</li>
 	<li><em>Medical professionals</em><strong>: </strong>These staff members may or may not be available fulltime at an inpatient drug rehabilitation facility. In many cases, physicians work at several facilities, and they are available one or two days per week to check on every resident in the facility. However, people who require more intensive medical treatment during their rehabilitation should look for facilities that specialize in their addiction, and ask the facility whether medical staff, especially doctors and psychiatrists, are available frequently.</li>
 	<li><em>Therapies offered by the facility:</em> <a href="https://www.cms.gov/Outreach-and-Education/Medicare-Learning-Network-MLN/MLNProducts/downloads/Inpatient_Rehab_Fact_Sheet_ICN905643.pdf">Therapy to overcome addiction</a> should always be the focus of the rehabilitation facility. Programs that focus on overcoming opioid addiction may offer buprenorphine maintenance, while alcohol addiction treatment may offer prescription medications, like benzodiazepines, in small doses, if appropriate. Other programs may not offer <a href="https://www.utoledo.edu/studentaffairs/counseling/atod/pdfs/choosing_rehab_white_paper.pdf">medication management</a> at all, and focus exclusively on group and individual therapy.</li>
</ul>
[/callout]

Inpatient rehabilitation programs are likely to offer additional treatment programs, such as yoga classes, vocational classes, art therapy, meditation sessions, journaling time, and outdoor activities. Experimental or complementary therapies are also more likely to be offered in inpatient treatment programs; these therapies are offered in addition to traditional, evidence-based treatment.
<ul>
 	<li><em>Amenities</em><strong>: </strong>Of course, it is nice to live in a facility by the beach, with a pool, or that serves gourmet meals. Just like with vacation resorts, more amenities at an inpatient drug rehab mean a higher price tag. Luxury treatment programs offer a bevy of amenities to make clients more comfortable during their stay. In addition, these luxury programs may offer a more robust offering of therapies and extracurricular activities as well as a lower staff-to-client ratio.[callout position="right"]That being said, many people struggle with addiction due to high stress levels, so a residential facility that offers relaxing amenities can be psychologically beneficial. The specific amenities that are important depend on the individual entering treatment, but they may include access to exercise programs, healthy meal options, spiritual counselors, meditation programs, acupuncture, massage, or other holistic approaches to treatment.[/callout]

The point of a rehabilitation program to overcome drug or alcohol addiction is to understand the cause of the addiction, to acquire new behaviors related to addictive substances, and to avoid relapse. When a person leaves a rehabilitation program, they should have the tools they need to understand how their addiction may resurface if triggered, and this helps them to lead a healthy, sober life. In all instances, therapy is the backbone of treatment so that should be the primary focus of care.</li>
</ul>

<h2>How Long is Inpatient Alcohol Rehab?</h2>
The <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/alcoholism-treatment/inpatient">length of inpatient treatment</a> can last anywhere from 4 weeks to 12 months; this timeframe depends on the patient’s needs and specific treatment programs. During this time patients have a team of healthcare professionals at a facility where they can be monitored and cared for. Rehab lasts about 30 days, sometimes longer, depending on the program, but during this time patients continue to receive 24-hour care by healthcare providers and medical team.
<h2>How Much Does Inpatient Addiction Treatment Cost?</h2>
The cost of inpatient addiction treatment varies depending on the types of services required by each individual patient. Cost can very on programs a patient is admitted to, length of stay, and insurance coverage. Many insurance providers cover addiction treatment. Learn more about <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/addiction-coverage">admission costs, payment options, and insurance plans and coverage</a>.
<h2>What Happens in Inpatient Drug and Alcohol Rehab?</h2>
In inpatient drug and alcohol rehab, <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/rehab-guide/residential/whats-day-like-rehab">patients are placed in a structured environment</a>. This consists of <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/therapy-treatment">daily therapy</a> (group and individual), activities, being administered prescribed and/or over-the-counter medications as needed, eating meals with other patients, getting sufficient sleep, and possible private time. Patients tend to be placed within the same groups with similar substance abuse experiences. Facilities may provide family visitation days as well.
<h2>How Does Detox Work?</h2>
<a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/drug-detox">Medical detox</a>, or withdrawal management, is a process by which the body is cleansed of toxins and wean off drugs and/or alcohol that has been abused. There are both inpatient and outpatient medical detox. In inpatient detox, patients are gradually weaned off of substance(s) methodically under medical supervision. In outpatient detox, patients come to detox at scheduled appointments and return home at night.
<h2>How to Find a Rehab Center Near Me?</h2>
<img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-40573" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/cognitive-therapy-300x200.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="200" />A facility is a good fit if it meets the needs of the person struggling with addiction. This doesn’t just mean addressing the addiction; it means incorporating the entire person, and all their interests and needs, into the overall treatment plan.

What makes a program “the best” is subjective, depending on what a particular client needs and taking their situation into account. Specifics like whether insurance will partially cover the cost of care and distance from one’s home environment and family also need to be taken into account. Ultimately, prospective clients and their families need to weigh the pros and cons of a given facility to determine which option is the best choice for them.

Inpatient Drug Rehab: How to Find the Best

[content-overview]For someone struggling with a substance abuse problem, maintaining sobriety is often an everyday struggle.[content-overview]
The potential for relapse is always there, but knowing the warning signs that could foreshadow a relapse can help to avoid it. It’s important for friends and family to be educated on what to look for as potential triggers for relapse, and it’s important for those in recovery to be able to monitor themselves as well.

Individuals recovering from any kind of addiction often experience at least one relapse, according to the <a href="https://easyread.drugabuse.gov/content/what-relapse" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Institute on Drug Abuse</a> (NIDA). Relapse can be especially dangerous for someone who has abstained from drug use for a long time. Those who have been in recovery for a lengthy amount of time will lose their tolerance for the drug of abuse, and taking the amount they were accustomed to consuming during the height of their abuse could result in overdose and even death.

Addiction is a chronic disease, making relapse a possibility no matter how long a person has abstained from substance abuse. Once relapse occurs, it can be difficult for an individual to get back on the road to recovery. They will likely feel the strong desire to continue to use once they do even one time. As a result, <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/alcoholism-treatment/inpatient/">getting someone back into treatment as quickly as possible </a>following relapse is crucial to their long-term health and recovery.
<h2>The Stages of Relapse</h2>
<img class="alignright size-medium wp-image-46486" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/unexpected-triggers-300x200.png" alt="5 Most Common Unexpected Triggers for Addiction Relapse" width="300" height="200" /> Relapse is <a href="https://www.addictionsandrecovery.org/relapse-prevention.htm">more of a process</a> than the singular event of resuming use. It’s broken down into three stages:
<ul>
 	<li data-listid="1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Emotional</li>
 	<li data-listid="1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Mental</li>
 	<li data-listid="1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">Physical</li>
</ul>
Emotional relapse is often the first stage of relapse, and it occurs before someone in recovery even begins to consider using again. The individual usually starts to experience negative emotional responses, such as anger, moodiness and anxious feelings. They also may begin to experience erratic eating and sleeping habits, and their desire for recovery often wanes due to a lack of using their support systems. These are the initial warning signs that a person in recovery could be entering the process of relapse, and it is important to recognize them as quickly as possible. This stage occurs before a person is even aware that they could be in danger of relapse, and intervening now before they enter mental relapse can prevent the issue from taking hold.

Mental relapse is the second stage of the process. This is<a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/blog/base-for-recovery/"> often a time of internal struggle for a person in recovery</a>, as part of them wants to remain on the road to long-term sobriety; however, that part of them is embattled in a tug-of-war of sorts with another side that wants to return to using. There may always a part of a person that wants to use again, which is why addiction is considered to be a chronic condition. As this phase of the relapse process progresses, direct thoughts about using eventually arise, and at this point, it’s very difficult to stop the process. When someone dealing with addiction decides they are going to use, it’ usually just a matter of time until they do it.

[quote]Mental relapse is a very difficult stage to come back from, and it often gives way to the third and final stage of the relapse process.[/quote]

Once mental relapse has occurred, it usually does not take very long to progress to the physical relapse stage. This is the stage that is most commonly thought of when one hears the term <i>relapse</i>. Physical relapse occurs when a person consumes the substance, breaking their sobriety. Using just one time can result in intense cravings to continue to use, and the potential to enter back into consistent substance abuse is prevalent. Getting a person back into treatment as quickly as possible is vital.
<h2>Warning Signs</h2>
<img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-45945" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/treatment_barriers-300x300.jpg" alt="treatment barriers" width="300" height="300" />
Recognizing the warning signs prior to a relapse is the best way to prevent one from occurring. A very common warning sign is romanticizing of drug use. A person in recovery may begin to relive the days of their drug abuse and look back on them in a positive light. A positive view of all the perceived good times they had can be a dangerous trigger that plants the idea of using again in their mind. This is a foray into mental relapse, which can quickly result in physical and full relapse. It’s easy for an addicted individual to remember only the positives of their abuse and forget all the anguish it may have caused them.

A person in recovery may begin to believe that they can use again without falling back into their addiction. However, an addiction never goes away; it is a chronic condition that needs to be dealt with continuously. An individual may think they are prepared to use casually due to what they’ve learned in recovery, but recovery only comes with full abstention from consumption of the drug. If an individual in recovery begins to talk about their ability to use again without falling back into addiction, it is often a sign that relapse is on the horizon.

[callout position="left"]
Monitoring who a person in recovery interacts with can help to prevent relapse. If an individual is revisiting old relationships that involved drug use, it can be a trigger that results in substance abuse. Negative environments can have a serious impact on a person in recovery due to their vulnerability to such influences.
[/callout]

Behavior is often a clear warning sign of relapse as well. Sudden changes in the way someone in recovery is acting often precedes a relapse. This may be evidenced by increased isolation and avoidance of one’s sober support system. A person may also cease the pursuit of interests and hobbies they have developed in recovery.

Perhaps the most glaring warning sign is if an individual in recovery starts to doubt the effectiveness of the recovery process.

[quote]

If they begin badmouthing the process or showing disdain for recovery, it could be an indicator that they are on their way to relapse.

[/quote]
<h2>Triggers for Relapse</h2>
<a href="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2_558962893_sadwinter.jpg"><img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-55347" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2_558962893_sadwinter-150x150.jpg" alt="Sad man looking through window" width="150" height="150" /></a>There are many things that can trigger a relapse in an individual. One of the most common triggers is depression. Depression and substance abuse are often linked. People battling depression commonly use drugs to combat the depressed feelings they are experiencing. In addition, substance abuse can often lead to depression, thus beginning a vicious cycle of using drugs and subsequent depression.

Depression puts a person at a higher risk for suicide, as does substance abuse. Combine the two, and the risk for suicide increases dramatically; while those who suffer from depression have a 10 percent chance of committing suicide, that risk rises to 25 percent for those who suffer from depression and also abuse substances, according to <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/where-science-meets-the-steps/201408/tough-truths-you-should-know-about-addiction-depression" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i>Psychology Today</i></a>. This is why it is paramount to recognize signs of depression in someone in recovery, as the stakes are as high as they get.

[callout]
Some symptoms of depression are:
<ul>
 	<li data-listid="2" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">Hopelessness</li>
 	<li data-listid="2" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">Low energy</li>
 	<li data-listid="2" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">Significant appetite fluctuation</li>
 	<li data-listid="2" data-aria-posinset="4" data-aria-level="1">Guilt</li>
 	<li data-listid="2" data-aria-posinset="5" data-aria-level="1">Feelings of being worthless</li>
 	<li data-listid="2" data-aria-posinset="6" data-aria-level="1">Problems concentrating</li>
 	<li data-listid="2" data-aria-posinset="7" data-aria-level="1">Anxious feelings</li>
 	<li data-listid="2" data-aria-posinset="8" data-aria-level="1">Change in sleep patterns</li>
 	<li data-listid="2" data-aria-posinset="9" data-aria-level="1">Irritability</li>
 	<li data-listid="2" data-aria-posinset="10" data-aria-level="1">Lack of interest in things</li>
</ul>
Stress can be another common trigger for relapse. According to <a href="http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/145855.php" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i>Medical News Today</i></a><i>,</i> stress is the feeling experienced by someone who is under pressure. For many people, stress is part of everyday life, and most individuals need an outlet to deal with their stress. For those prone to addiction, substance abuse is a common way for them to cope with stress. A study published in the <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1196/annals.1441.030/abstract" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</i></a> even suggests that stress early in life can lead to a bigger risk for addiction down the road. This shows the dramatic impact that stress can have on addiction.

[/callout]

According to <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924977X03001779" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i>European Neuropsychopharmacology</i></a>, research suggests that people who have used drugs in order to mitigate stress in the past are likely to return to this behavior when future stressors arise. This would suggest that someone in recovery could be prone to relapse due to an elevated level of stress in life.

<a href="http://www.psychpage.com/learning/library/assess/relapse.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Exhaustion can be another trigger</a> that results in relapse. Lack of sleep often leads to self-neglect, which can make a person more vulnerable to using again. Recovery is a day-to-day process that requires a focus on healthy living. If someone is not operating with all of their faculties due to exhaustion, they are less likely to be employing the techniques they learned in treatment.

Isolation can be another trigger for relapse. A positive support system is crucial to ongoing recovery.

This can mean being surrounded by supportive loved ones, going to counseling regularly, or attending a peer support or 12-Step group. Isolating oneself from these support resources can put one at a greater risk for relapse.
[callout-complex title="Relapse Prevention"]

Addressing mental urges can be an effective tool for preventing relapse, at least on a short-term basis. Speaking to someone about the urge to use can often help to reduce that urge and bring rational thinking to the forefront of the equation. This is a reason that a lot of support programs employ the use of a sponsor; it can be critical to have someone to talk to when the urge to use arises.

Thinking about the full scenario after romanticizing substance abuse can also help. When a person in recovery is romanticizing their past use of a drug, they are often simply thinking of the early stages – the consumption of the drug. It can be helpful for an individual to continue to “<a href="https://www.addictionsandrecovery.org/relapse-prevention.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">play the tape through</a>” and think about everything else that accompanies using, specifically all the consequences that come along with it. This can help an individual remember why they sought recovery in the first place.

Reentering a residential treatment facility is sometimes a necessary step to preventing relapse. If the urge to use has become strong enough, reinserting someone into the very environment in which their recovery began could be what is needed to keep them on the path to recovery. Therapy in an outpatient setting could be sufficient as well.

Again, the support of friends and family can be paramount in preventing relapse. It’s important for such people to be educated on the process of recovery, as well as the risks and warning signs of relapse. Their ability to monitor their loved one in recovery can be crucial in preventing a relapse.

[/callout-complex]

[callout-complex title="Recovery from a Relapse"]
Relapse rates for substance abuse mirror those for other chronic conditions, such as asthma and diabetes, meaning that relapse is a common occurrence. However, a relapse not mean that someone has failed at recovery. It’s simply part of their process – an obstacle that must be overcome.

Prompt action is the best way to address a relapse. The individual must recognize that a relapse, while not a failure, is a serious thing. Each relapse presents the potential to fall back into continuous abuse, which can lead to serious health problems and even death.

Pinpointing the reasons for a relapse is key. By identifying why a person used, proper safeguards can be put in place to prevent those same triggers from resulting in another relapse. The more an individual knows about their personal triggers and warning signs, the easier it will be for them and their loved ones to recognize any signs of a relapse. A relapse prevention plan, often devised with the help of a therapist, can be an effective tool in ensuring another relapse does not occur. While there is no way to guarantee that a relapse will not occur, there are certainly steps for prevention and recovery that can increase the likelihood of a long and successful recovery.
[/callout-complex]

Warning Signs of Relapse: Depression, Stress, and Other Triggers

Treatment for Sleep-Wake Disorders alongside Co-Occurring Drug Abuse

What Is Borderline Personality Disorder?

<img class="size-medium wp-image-61218 alignright" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Why-American-LGBTQ-Teens-Are-More-Likely-to-Abuse-Drugs-300x200.jpg" alt="Why American LGBTQ Teens Are More Likely to Abuse Drugs" width="300" height="200" /><span style="font-weight: 400;">Several decades of research have shown that LGBTQ teens are more likely to abuse drugs than their heterosexual peers. A </span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2680081/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">study published in 2008</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> has shown that, on average, the odds of substance abuse in LGBTQ teens were 190% higher than for heterosexual youth.</span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">The relationship between sexual orientation and adolescent substance abuse is clear, and the outcomes are alarming.</span>
<h2><b>Why Are Teens Abusing Drugs?</b></h2>
<a href="http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/pubs/monographs/mtf-overview2017.pdf"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Illicit drug use in adolescents</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> has dropped in recent years. 31% of adolescents admitted to using drugs in 2001. This figure fell to 24% in 2009, and it reached only 20% in 2017. These statistics show that teens are now more aware of the dangers of drugs than before.  </span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">But you might be wondering why teens abuse drugs in the first place. Well, adolescents experiment with drugs for several reasons, including:</span>
<ul>
 	<li style="font-weight: 400;"><b>To experiment</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> – Adolescents are often trying to find new pleasurable experiences, particularly those they perceive as daring or thrilling. Many adolescents experiment with alcohol and/or drugs at one point in their lives.</span></li>
 	<li style="font-weight: 400;"><b>To fit in</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> – Adolescents might use drugs because they fear being rejected by their drug-using peers if they don’t.</span></li>
 	<li style="font-weight: 400;"><b>To feel euphoria</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> – </span><a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/health-complications-addiction/central-nervous-system"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Drugs interact with the brain</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, leading to feelings of euphoria. The intensity of the euphoria experienced is different for every drug and individual.</span></li>
 	<li style="font-weight: 400;"><b>To feel better</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> – Some adolescents are unhappy and they use drugs to feel better. Teens suffer from physical pain, stress-related disorders, anxiety, and depression, just like adults. According to a </span><a href="https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depression.shtml"><span style="font-weight: 400;">study published in February 2019</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, 2.3 million adolescents aged 12 – 17 suffered at least one major depressive episode in 2017. This number represented 9.4% of the entire U.S. population of that age.</span></li>
 	<li style="font-weight: 400;"><b>To perform better</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> – Teens live in a very competitive society, in which their athletic and academic performances might influence the rest of their lives. Some adolescents use certain drugs in an attempt to enhance or improve their performances.</span></li>
</ul>
<h2><b>Are LGBTQ Teens More Likely To Abuse Drugs?</b></h2>
<span style="font-weight: 400;">LGBTQ teens are often stigmatized, harassed, or even rejected by their families and peers. The stress brought on by these events might wrongly convince sexual minority teens that using drugs can be an effective coping mechanism.</span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">A </span><a href="https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/abs/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304446"><span style="font-weight: 400;">study published in 2018 showed</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> that LGBTQ teens are 12% more likely to abuse drugs than their heterosexual peers. </span><a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/lgbtqiapk-addiction"><span style="font-weight: 400;">LGBTQ</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> youth were also three times more likely to experiment with drugs such as ecstasy, cocaine, methamphetamines, or heroin.</span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">Unfortunately, even experimentation with these drugs can derail an adolescent’s life and negatively influence their future.</span>
<h3><b>How Can You Act?</b></h3>
<span style="font-weight: 400;">If you are a teen who abuses drugs or you suspect one of your loved ones is, contact our admission navigators at </span><a href="about:blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">(888) 679-9254</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">The treatment options available will clear out the drugs from the user’s body and will help the user realize that they can enjoy life without drugs.</span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">Call </span><a href="about:blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">(888) 679-9254</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and take control of your life.</span>

<b>Research Resources:</b>
<ol>
 	<li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2680081/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2680081/</span></a></li>
 	<li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/pubs/monographs/mtf-overview2017.pdf"><span style="font-weight: 400;">http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/pubs/monographs/mtf-overview2017.pdf</span></a></li>
 	<li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depression.shtml"><span style="font-weight: 400;">https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depression.shtml</span></a></li>
 	<li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-adolescent-substance-use-disorder-treatment-research-based-guide/frequently-asked-questions/why-do-adolescents-take-drugs"><span style="font-weight: 400;">https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-adolescent-substance-use-disorder-treatment-research-based-guide/frequently-asked-questions/why-do-adolescents-take-drugs</span></a></li>
 	<li style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/abs/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304446"><span style="font-weight: 400;">https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/abs/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304446</span></a></li>
</ol>
&nbsp;

Why American LGBTQ Teens Are More Likely to Abuse Drugs

<img class="size-medium wp-image-61196 alignright" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Why-Substance-Abuse-is-Higher-within-the-LGBTQ-Community-300x200.jpg" alt="Why Substance Abuse is Higher within the LGBTQ Community" width="300" height="200" /><span style="font-weight: 400;">Substance abuse is a significant problem among members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, <a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/transgender">transgender,</a> and queer/questioning (LGBTQ ) community. From alcohol abuse and binge drinking to the use of harder drugs like </span><a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/meth-treatment"><span style="font-weight: 400;">methamphetamines</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/heroin-treatment"><span style="font-weight: 400;">heroin</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and </span><a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/opiates"><span style="font-weight: 400;">opioids</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, many people in the sexual minority struggle with addiction.</span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">Statistics show that </span><a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/NSDUH-SexualOrientation-2015/NSDUH-SexualOrientation-2015/NSDUH-SexualOrientation-2015.htm"><span style="font-weight: 400;">LGBTQ adults are more than twice as likely</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> as their heterosexual counterparts to use illicit drugs and almost twice as likely to suffer from a substance abuse disorder.</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">1 </span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">What makes substance abuse in the LGBTQ community so prevalent? There are many contributing factors, and below are some of the most common triggering issues that LGBTQ people face.</span>
<h2><b>Discrimination and Social Stigma</b></h2>
<span style="font-weight: 400;">Despite growing acceptance in the United States, almost all LGBTQ individuals face some level of homophobia and discrimination. This may come from strangers, acquaintances, and even friends and family. They also face the constant threat of workplace harassment, bullying, and even hate crimes.</span>
<h2><b>Lack of Support for LGBTQ People</b></h2>
<span style="font-weight: 400;">Many members of the LGBTQ community choose to remain “in the closet,” keeping their sexual identity a secret to avoid discrimination. Living this type of double life can create feelings of loneliness and anxiety.</span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">Those who do choose to come out often face rejection from family and friends, and as a result often turn to substance abuse to help dull the pain.</span>
<h2><b>Internalized Homophobia</b></h2>
<span style="font-weight: 400;"><img class="size-medium wp-image-61198 alignright" src="https://admin.americanaddictioncenters.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/What-makes-substance-abuse-in-the-LGBTQ-community-so-prevalent-300x200.jpg" alt="What makes substance abuse in the LGBTQ community so prevalent" width="300" height="200" />Whether or not their families and friends provide acceptance, many members of the LGBTQ community suffer from internalized homophobia. This happens when they self-identify with anti-gay stigmas. The result is often self-loathing and an inability to feel comfortable in one’s own skin.</span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">For those suffering from internalized homophobia, alcohol and drugs serve as an effective mechanism for silencing negative thoughts. When drunk or high, LGBTQ individuals can temporarily enjoy living as their true selves.</span>
<h2><b>Co-Occurring Disorders</b></h2>
<span style="font-weight: 400;">Clinical depression, stress, and anxiety disorders are very common among members of the LGBTQ community. These individuals are also prone to mood disorders, eating disorders, and other types of psychiatric problems.</span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">In addition, some may suffer from serious health issues such as hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, and other sexually transmitted diseases. Dealing with these medical issues can interfere with the ability and desire to seek substance abuse treatment.</span>
<h2><b>The Need for Specialized Treatment Options</b></h2>
<span style="font-weight: 400;">Many sexual minorities facing addiction problems are hesitant to seek help from a traditional treatment facility. Group therapy participants, and even some counselors, may display homophobic behaviors or make inappropriate remarks. This prevents recovering addicts from feeling like they can let down their guard, which is essential for successful rehabilitation.</span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">In addition, most traditional treatments do not address the specific needs of LGBTQ individuals. This includes learning successful coping methods for dealing with social isolation, family problems, homophobia, and violence.  </span>

<span style="font-weight: 400;">Luckily, rehabilitation centers have recognized this need, and many are beginning to offer </span><a href="https://americanaddictioncenters.org/lgbtqiapk-addiction"><span style="font-weight: 400;">LBGTQ-specific addiction treatment programs</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. It is important for those who need help to know that viable options are available. Reaching out for support takes courage and strength,and it is also the first step towards recovery.</span>

<b>References:</b>
<ol>
 	<li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Medley, G., Lipari, R.N., Bose, J., Cribb, D.S., Kroutil, L.A., &amp;McHenry, G.. (2016). </span><a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/NSDUH-SexualOrientation-2015/NSDUH-SexualOrientation-2015/NSDUH-SexualOrientation-2015.htm"><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Sexual Orientation and Estimates of Adult Substance Use and Mental Health: Results from the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health</span></i></a><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">. </span></i></li>
</ol>

Kristina Ackermann

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