Ecstasy Overdose: Signs, Symptoms & Treatment for MDMA Overdose

What is Ecstasy?

Ecstasy is a synthetic psychoactive drug that can alter mood and heighten sensory perception.¹ It is often taken in clubs or rave settings for its euphoric effects. Though its addiction liability may not be as pronounced as some other drugs (such as heroin or cocaine), the drug is associated with the potential for increasingly problematic patterns of use and dependence development.¹

The primary psychoactive component name in ecstasy is a substance called MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine). Though this street drug purity is notoriously variable, ecstasy is sometimes marketed as relatively pure MDMA with the name “molly.”¹ MDMA is what’s known as a substituted amphetamine compound; it is a somewhat unusual substance in that is has chemical and pharmacological similarities to both stimulants and hallucinogens.⁴ It is usually taken in pill form, although it’s sometimes sold as a powder. “Pure MDMA” is rarely found on the street, and what is sold is often laced with other drugs.⁵ Therefore, it can sometimes be difficult to know what exactly you’re consuming if you decide to ingest molly. The effects of MDMA typically last anywhere from 3 to 6 hours.⁴

Signs and Symptoms of MDMA Overdose

MDMA overdose can be dangerous and potentially lethal. MDMA overdose can result in:⁵

• Abnormal heart rate and rhythm.
• Body temperature dysregulation.
• Hyperthermia, which is overheating of the body, particularly if you’ve been engaging in intense physical activity in hot settings, such as dance parties or concerts.
• Hyperthermia-related rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown) and kidney injury.
• Seizures.

The use of MDMA can also contribute to a condition called serotonin syndrome when combined with other drugs that result in increased serotonin activity.¹ This is a potentially life-threatening condition and needs to be treated immediately.

If you think you or someone you are close to are experiencing ecstasy overdose symptoms, it is important to get them medical help immediately. Call 911 or get them to the nearest emergency room.

Risk Factors of Overdose

The risk factors for MDMA overdose and/or toxicity include:¹

• Taking several doses at once (sometimes called “stacking”) or in sequence over a short time.⁶
• Mixing MDMA with alcohol or other drugs (including some prescription drugs that have serotonergic activity).
• Engaging in vigorous physical activity or using MDMA in a hot environment.

Treatment for a Substance Use Disorder

If you or someone you love are experiencing substance use issues related to the use of ecstasy or any other drug, it’s important to seek treatment. Treatment approaches like individual and group psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and focusing on developing relapse prevention skills help treat substance use disorders.¹ Treatment may also be appropriate if you require more support.

An ecstasy overdose is a serious issue that can lead to significant health problems. The signs of ecstasy overdose may be somewhat vague or non-specific, which can make it difficult to identify when someone has overdosed on MDMA. If you think your loved one might have taken too much MDMA, be proactive and get help immediately by seeking medical attention or calling 911 for emergency help.

American Addiction Centers offers professional addiction treatment for various types of substance use disorders. Our treatment centers expand across the country and provide multiple levels of care. Call one of our compassionate admissions navigators to verify your insurance and start treatment today.